The fractal dimensions of the spectrum of Sturm Hamiltonian

The fractal dimensions of the spectrum of Sturm Hamiltonian
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Sturm Hamiltonian 谱的分形维数

DOI:
10.1016/j.aim.2014.02.019
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发表时间:
2013-10
影响因子:
1.7
通讯作者:
Wen, Zhi-Ying
Wen, Zhi-Ying
中科院分区:
数学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Liu, Qing-Hui;Qu, Yan-Hui;Wen, Zhi-Ying

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设α∈(0,1)是无理数,[0; a1,a2,.]是α的连分式展开式。设H α,V是频率为α的Sturm哈密顿量,耦合V,V α,V是H α,V的谱,Fan,Liu和Wen(2011)[8]在{a n} n <$1有界时确定了谱的分形维数.本文将处理最困难的情况,即{an} n <$1是无界的。证明了对V(V)和dim B α,V= s(V),其中s(V)和s(V)分别是下预维数和上预维数.通过这个结果,我们确定了所有Sturm Hamiltonian的谱的分维。我们还证明了如下结果:s(V)和s(V)在[24,∞)的任何有界区间上是Lipschitz连续的;极限s(V)ln V和s(V)ln V在V趋于无穷大时存在,并且极限是仅依赖于α的常数; s(V)= 1当且仅当lim sup n→∞(a 1 <$an n)1/n=∞,可以与以下事实进行比较:s <$(V)= 1当且仅当lim inf n→∞(a 1 <$an n)1/n=∞(Liu and Wen,2004)[13]。
Abstract Let α∈(0, 1) be irrational and [0; a 1, a 2,…] be the continued fraction expansion of α. Let H α, V be the Sturm Hamiltonian with frequency α and coupling V, Σ α, V be the spectrum of H α, V. The fractal dimensions of the spectrum have been determined by Fan, Liu and Wen (2011)[8] when {a n} n⩾ 1 is bounded. The present paper will treat the most difficult case, ie,{a n} n⩾ 1 is unbounded. We prove that for V⩾ 24, dim H Σ α, V= s⁎(V) and dim¯ B Σ α, V= s⁎(V), where s⁎(V) and s⁎(V) are lower and upper pre-dimensions respectively. By this result, we determine the fractal dimensions of the spectrums for all Sturm Hamiltonians. We also show the following results: s⁎(V) and s⁎(V) are Lipschitz continuous on any bounded interval of [24,∞); the limits s⁎(V) ln V and s⁎(V) ln V exist as V tends to infinity, and the limits are constants only depending on α; s⁎(V)= 1 if and only if lim sup n→∞(a 1⋯ a n) 1/n=∞, which can be compared with the fact: s⁎(V)= 1 if and only if lim inf n→∞(a 1⋯ a n) 1/n=∞(Liu and Wen, 2004)[13].
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