Mammalian telomeres resemble fragile sites and require TRF1 for efficient replication.
Mammalian telomeres resemble fragile sites and require TRF1 for efficient replication.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.cell.2009.06.021
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发表时间:
2009-07-10
期刊:
影响因子:
64.5
通讯作者:
de Lange T
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Sfeir A;Kosiyatrakul ST;Hockemeyer D;MacRae SL;Karlseder J;Schildkraut CL;de Lange T
Mammalian telomeres are associated with shelterin, the telomere specific protein complex that solves the end-protection problem. The telomeric shelterin binding sites, TTAGGG repeats, are maintained by telomerase, which solves the end-replication problem. We report that the TTAGGG repeat arrays of human and mouse telomeres challenge the DNA replication machinery, giving rise to replication-dependent defects that resemble those of the aphidicolin-induced common fragile sites. Conditional gene deletion experiments showed that efficient duplication of telomeric DNA requires the shelterin component TRF1. In the absence of TRF1, telomeres activate the ATR kinase in S phase and show a fragile site phenotype in metaphase. SMARD showed that TRF1 promotes efficient replication of TTAGGG repeats and prevents fork stalling. Two helicases that can remove G4 DNA structures, BLM and RTEL1, were required to repress the fragile telomere phenotype. These results identify a second telomere replication problem that is solved by the shelterin component TRF1.
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DOI:
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