A specific EMC subunit supports Dengue virus infection by promoting virus membrane fusion essential for cytosolic genome delivery.
A specific EMC subunit supports Dengue virus infection by promoting virus membrane fusion essential for cytosolic genome delivery.
复制标题
一个特定的EMC亚基通过促进细胞溶质基因组递送所必需的病毒膜融合来支持登革病毒感染。
DOI:
10.1371/journal.ppat.1010717
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发表时间:
2022-07
期刊:
影响因子:
6.7
通讯作者:
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Dengue virus (DENV) represents the most common human arboviral infection, yet its cellular entry mechanism remains unclear. The multi-subunit endoplasmic reticulum membrane complex (EMC) supports DENV infection, in part, by assisting the biosynthesis of viral proteins critical for downstream replication steps. Intriguingly, the EMC has also been shown to act at an earlier step prior to viral protein biogenesis, although this event is not well-defined. Here we demonstrate that the EMC subunit EMC4 promotes fusion of the DENV and endosomal membranes during entry, enabling delivery of the viral genome into the cytosol which is then targeted to the ER for viral protein biosynthesis. We also found that EMC4 mediates ER-to-endosome transfer of phosphatidylserine, a phospholipid whose presence in the endosome facilitates DENV-endosomal membrane fusion. These findings clarify the EMC-dependent DENV early entry step, suggesting a mechanism by which an ER-localized host factor can regulate viral fusion at the endosome. Although DENV infection causes significant morbidity and mortality, no effective DENV antivirals exist. Here we discover a host factor that promotes an important DENV entry step. Specifically, we found that a component of an endoplasmic reticulum protein complex called EMC4 supports fusion of the DENV and endosomal membranes—this event delivers the viral genome into the host cytosol to drive virus infection. By elucidating a crucial DENV entry step, this work may help to develop critically-needed antivirals against DENV infection.
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