A Freshwater Ichthyofauna from the Late Eocene Birket Qarun Formation, Fayum, Egypt
A Freshwater Ichthyofauna from the Late Eocene Birket Qarun Formation, Fayum, Egypt
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埃及法尤姆晚始新世 Birket Qarun 组的淡水鱼群
DOI：
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发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
E. Simons
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Murray;T. Cook;Y. Attia;P. Chatrath;E. Simons
本文报道了在埃及法尤姆凹陷Birket Qarun北岸始新世沉积物中发现的一批鱼牙化石和其它元素。这一收集大大增加了我们的知识，因为它包括从沉积物中筛选的材料，允许收集代表以前没有报道过的法尤姆分类群的小牙齿。以前从这些沉积物中收集的化石集中在较大的遗骸上，这些遗骸通常代表板鳃类，它们是来自该剖面较低沉积物的海洋物种。在Birket Qarun 2（BQ-2）地点通过筛选收集的大部分材料完全代表淡水鱼类。它包括在法尤姆凹陷的第一个记录，代表了这个群体的最古老的记录，以前只知道从晚中新世或更年轻的沉积物。同样地，该遗址中的鲇形目（英语：Siluriformes）和海狗科（英语：Hydrocynus）化石是这些分类群中最古老的记录。其他已发现的分类群是骨鱼类Polypterus（Polypteriformes）、原鳍鱼类Protopterus（Dipnoi）和拟银汉鱼类Parachanna（银汉鱼科），以及软骨鱼类Hypolophodon cf. H. Malembeensis（毛足蚤总科Dasyatoidea incert. fam.），Rhinoptera sherborni（Rhinopteridae）和Coupatezia wousteri（Dasyatoidea incert. fam.）。一种新的射线，Coupatezia attiai，n。sp.，库克也被描述。这些鱼类证实了Birket Qarun组BQ-2地点的淡水影响。
ABSTRACT A collection of fossil fish teeth and other elements from Eocene deposits on the northshore of Birket Qarun, Fayum Depression, Egypt, is reported. This collection adds significantly to our knowledge, as it consists of material that was screened from the sediments, allowing collection of small teeth that represent taxa not previously reported from the Fayum. Previous collections from these sediments have concentrated on larger remains that generally represent elasmobranchs, which are marine species from deposits lower in the section. Most of this material, collected by screening at the Birket Qarun 2 (BQ-2) locality, represents fully freshwater fishes. It includes the first record of the mormyrid Gymnarchus in the Fayum Depression, which represents the oldest record for this group, known previously only from the late Miocene or younger deposits. Similarly, Mochokidae (Siluriformes) and Hydrocynus (Alestidae) remains from the site are the oldest record of these taxa. Other taxa recovered are the osteichthyans Polypterus (Polypteriformes), Protopterus (Dipnoi), and Parachanna (Channidae), and the chondrichthyans Hypolophodon cf. H. malembeensis (Dasyatoidea incert. fam.), Rhinoptera sherborni (Rhinopteridae), and Coupatezia wousteri (Dasyatoidea incert. fam.). A new ray, Coupatezia attiai, n. sp., Cook, is also described. These fishes confirm the freshwater influence at locality BQ-2 in the Birket Qarun Formation.