A rapidly evolved domain, the SCML2 DNA-binding repeats, contributes to chromatin binding of mouse SCML2†.
A rapidly evolved domain, the SCML2 DNA-binding repeats, contributes to chromatin binding of mouse SCML2†.
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SCML2 DNA 结合重复序列是一个快速进化的结构域，有助于小鼠 SCML2 的染色质结合。
DOI：
10.1093/biolre/ioy181
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发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Namekawa,SatoshiH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Maezawa,So;Alavattam,KrisG;Tatara,Mayu;Nagai,Rika;Barski,Artem;Namekawa,SatoshiH
参与有性生殖的基因由于生殖适应性而迅速分化。在这里，我们在种系特异性Polycomb蛋白SCML2中发现了一个新的蛋白质结构域，该结构域是在精子发生过程中有丝分裂到减数分裂转变后建立独特基因表达程序所必需的。我们将这种由28个氨基酸组成的快速进化的dna结合重复单元称为SCML2 dna结合重复序列（SDB）。这些重复是在啮齿类动物谱系的一个特定亚群中获得的，在进化过程中经历了积极的选择。小鼠SCML2具有两个dna结合域，一个是SDB重复序列，另一个是rna结合区，在人类SCML2中是保守的。为了将SCML2招募到目标位点，SDB重复序列与SCML2的其他功能结构域合作结合染色质。这些结构域的协同作用使SCML2能够在体内染色质环境中感知DNA低甲基化，从而使SCML2能够与低甲基化的染色质结合。我们认为SCML2的快速进化是由于生殖适应，这促进了精子发生中物种特异性基因的表达程序。
Genes involved in sexual reproduction diverge rapidly as a result of reproductive fitness. Here, we identify a novel protein domain in the germline-specific Polycomb protein SCML2 that is required for the establishment of unique gene expression programs after the mitosis-to-meiosis transition in spermatogenesis. We term this novel domain, which is comprised of rapidly evolved, DNA-binding repeat units of 28 amino acids, the SCML2 DNA-binding (SDB) repeats. These repeats are acquired in a specific subgroup of the rodent lineage, having been subjected to positive selection in the course of evolution. Mouse SCML2 has two DNA-binding domains: one is the SDB repeats and the other is an RNA-binding region, which is conserved in human SCML2. For the recruitment of SCML2 to target loci, the SDB repeats cooperate with the other functional domains of SCML2 to bind chromatin. The cooperative action of these domains enables SCML2 to sense DNA hypomethylation in an in vivo chromatin environment, thereby enabling SCML2 to bind to hypomethylated chromatin. We propose that the rapid evolution of SCML2 is due to reproductive adaptation, which has promoted species-specific gene expression programs in spermatogenesis.