Analogical reasoning and prefrontal cortex: Evidence for separable retrieval and integration mechanisms
Analogical reasoning and prefrontal cortex: Evidence for separable retrieval and integration mechanisms
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DOI：
10.1093/cercor/bhh126
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发表时间：
2005-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Wagner, AD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bunge, SA;Wendelken, C;Wagner, AD
本研究研究了前额叶皮层（PFC）子区域对言语类似推理的两个组件过程的贡献：语义检索和整合。在受试者执行命题类比和语义决策任务时，获取了与事件相关的功能磁共振成像数据。在每个试验中，受试者都查看了一对单词（对1），然后是教学提示和第二个单词对（对2）。在类比试验中，受试者评估了对2在语义上类似于1的语义上。在语义试验中，受试者表明这对2个单词是否在语义上是彼此相关的。因此，类比 - 但不是语义试验需要在多个检索关系之间进行整合。为了确定涉及语义检索的区域，我们在这两个任务中都操纵了1个单词的联想强度。左下PFC（ALIPC）通过联想强度调节，与受控语义检索的作用一致。左侧极性皮层对关联强度不敏感，但对整合需求的敏感性比ALIPC更敏感，这与整合语义检索产物的作用是一致的，以评估不同的表示是否类似。右外侧PFC表现出与响应选择中的作用一致的，而不是检索或整合。这些发现表明，口头类似推理取决于多个PFC介导的计算。
The present study examined the contributions of prefrontal cortex (PFC) subregions to two component processes underlying verbal analogical reasoning: semantic retrieval and integration. Event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging data were acquired while subjects performed propositional analogy and semantic decision tasks. On each trial, subjects viewed a pair of words (pair 1), followed by an instructional cue and a second word pair (pair 2). On analogy trials, subjects evaluated whether pair 2 was semantically analogous to pair 1. On semantic trials, subjects indicated whether the pair 2 words were semantically related to each other. Thus, analogy - but not semantic - trials required integration across multiple retrieved relations. To identify regions involved in semantic retrieval, we manipulated the associative strength of pair 1 words in both tasks. Anterior left inferior PFC (aLIPC) was modulated by associative strength, consistent with a role in controlled semantic retrieval. Left frontopolar cortex was insensitive to associative strength, but was more sensitive to integration demands than was aLIPC, consistent with a role in integrating the products of semantic retrieval to evaluate whether distinct representations are analogous. Right dorsolateral PFC exhibited a profile consistent with a role in response selection rather than retrieval or integration. These findings indicate that verbal analogical reasoning depends on multiple, PFC-mediated computations.