STIMULATORY EFFECTS OF COLD-EXPOSURE AND COLD-ACCLIMATION ON GLUCOSE-UPTAKE IN RAT PERIPHERAL-TISSUES
STIMULATORY EFFECTS OF COLD-EXPOSURE AND COLD-ACCLIMATION ON GLUCOSE-UPTAKE IN RAT PERIPHERAL-TISSUES
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DOI：
10.1152/ajpregu.1990.259.5.r1043
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发表时间：
1990-11-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
BUKOWIECKI, LJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
VALLERAND, AL;PERUSSE, F;BUKOWIECKI, LJ
比较了冷暴露对大鼠外周组织2-[H-3]脱氧-D-葡萄糖摄取净速率（K（i））的影响，以确定冷适应是否引起葡萄糖代谢的调节性改变。热适应（2 - 5 ℃）大鼠急性暴露于寒冷（5 ℃下48小时），红色和白色骨骼肌（2-5倍）、心脏（8倍）、几个白色脂肪组织（WAT）库（4-20倍）和棕色脂肪组织（BAT）（110倍）的K（i）值显著增加。在冷适应（5 ℃下3周）后，心脏（15倍）和WAT（29倍）的K（i）值进一步增加，但BAT（36倍）降低。值得注意的是，在冷暴露/冷适应动物（不颤抖）的肌肉中葡萄糖摄取仍然增加，表明在没有颤抖产热（或收缩活动）的情况下，肌肉中可能发生葡萄糖摄取增强。当冷习服大鼠返回温暖环境18 h后，除WAT外，所有组织的K（i）值均恢复至对照水平。冷暴露协同增强刺激组织葡萄糖摄取诱导的最大有效剂量的胰岛素（0.5 U/kg iv）在温暖的，以及在冷驯化的动物。结果表明：（1）冷暴露激活了寒战性和非寒战性产热，导致外周组织葡萄糖摄取迅速增加;（2）冷习服增强了心脏和WAT对冷诱导葡萄糖摄取的能力，但除WAT外，它不引起葡萄糖代谢的长期变化;和3）冷暴露，而不是冷适应，在所有测试的组织中增加胰岛素反应性（最大速度）。结果还表明，激活非颤抖性产热BAT和冷驯化动物的肌肉的主要现象，解释改善冷暴露的葡萄糖耐量和胰岛素的作用。
The effects of cold exposure on the net rates of 2-[H-3]deoxy-D-glucose uptake (K(i)) in rat peripheral tissues wer investigated compratively in warm- and cold-acclimated animals to determine whether cold acclimation induces regulatory alternations in glucose metabolism. Acute exposure of warm-acclimated (25-degrees-C) rats to cold (48 h at 5-degrees-C) markedly increased the K(i) values in red and white skeletal muscles (2-5 times), in the heart (8 times), in several white adipose tissue (WAT) depots (4-20 times), and in brown adipose tissue (BAT) (110 times). After cold acclimation (3 wk at 5-degrees-C), the K(i) values further increased in the heart (15 times) and WAT (up to 29 times) but decreased in BAT (36 times). Remarkably, glucose uptake was still increased in muscles of cold-exposed/cold-acclimated animals (that do not shiver), demonstrating that enhanced glucose uptake may occur in muscles in the absence of shivering thermogenesis (or contractile activity). When cold-acclimated rats were returned to the warm for 18 h, the K(i) values of all tissues, except WAT, returned to control levels. Cold exposure synergistically potentiated the stimulation of tissue glucose uptake induced by a maximal effective dose of insulin (0.5 U/kg iv) in warm- as well as in cold-acclimated animals. The data demonstrate that 1) activation of shivering and/or nonshivering thermogeneses by cold exposure results in a rapid increase of glucose uptake in peripheral tissues; 2) cold acclimation enhances the capacity of heart and WAT for cold-induced glucose uptake, but, with the exception of WAT, it does not induce long-term alternations in glucose metabolism; and 3) cold exposure, but not cold acclimation, increases insulin responsiveness (maximum velocity) in all tissues tested. The results also indicate that activation of nonshivering thermogenesis in BAT and muscles of cold-acclimated animals represents the principal phenomenon explaining the improvement by cold exposure of glucose tolerance and insulin action.