Experimental removal of extracellular egg‐associated microbes has long‐lasting effects for larval performance
Experimental removal of extracellular egg‐associated microbes has long‐lasting effects for larval performance
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实验性去除胞外卵相关微生物对幼虫的生长性能具有长期持续的影响
DOI：
10.1111/1365-2435.14184
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Forister, Matthew L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yoon, Su’ad A.;Harrison, Joshua G.;Smilanich, Angela M.;Forister, Matthew L.
母体传播的微生物无处不在。在昆虫中，母体微生物可以在调节昆虫的免疫反应中发挥作用。对于资源利用等生态因素如何与母体微生物相互作用从而影响免疫力，人们知之甚少。在梅丽莎蓝蝴蝶（Melissa blue butterflyLycaeides Melissa）最近对一种新寄主植物定殖的背景下，我们研究了寄主植物利用与垂直传播的细胞外卵相关微生物之间的相互作用，以确定昆虫免疫反应的强度。我们在两种不同的寄主植物上饲养幼虫：一种是本地寄主加拿大stragalus，另一种是新寄主medicago sativa。鸡蛋相关的微生物在孵化前通过一系列抗菌洗蛋去除。免疫反应通过三种方法测定：静立酚氧化酶（PO）、总PO和黑色素化。我们检测到去除微生物的强烈效果。洗卵导致幼虫免疫反应增强，总po值与其他分类群的报道相反。洗涤对消耗原生寄主植物的幼虫的影响尤其强烈。这一结果可能解释了为什么食用蛋壳不是昆虫的普遍行为，因为对幼虫免疫有负面影响。在《华尔街日报》博客上阅读免费的《简明语言摘要》。
Maternally transmitted microbes are ubiquitous. In insects, maternal microbes can play a role in mediating the insect immune response. Less is known about how ecological factors, such as resource use, interact with maternal microbes to affect immunity.In the context of a recent colonization of a novel host plant by the Melissa blue butterflyLycaeides melissa, we investigated the interaction between host plant use and vertically transmitted, extracellular egg‐associated microbes in determining the strength of the insect immune response.We reared larvae on two different host plant species: a native hostAstragalus canadensisand a novel hostMedicago sativa. Egg‐associated microbes were removed through a series of antimicrobial egg washes prior to hatching. Immune response was measured through three assays: standing phenoloxidase (PO), total PO and melanization.We detected strong effects of microbial removal. Egg washing resulted in larvae with an increased immune response as measured by total PO—contrary to reports from other taxa. The effect of washing was especially strong for larvae consuming the native host plant.This result may explain why consumption of the egg casing is not a universal behaviour in insects, due to negative effects on larval immunity.Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.