SCHIZOPHRENIA IN USERS AND NONUSERS OF CANNABIS - A LONGITUDINAL-STUDY IN STOCKHOLM COUNTY
SCHIZOPHRENIA IN USERS AND NONUSERS OF CANNABIS - A LONGITUDINAL-STUDY IN STOCKHOLM COUNTY
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1600-0447.1989.tb10296.x
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发表时间：
1989-05-01
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
RYDBERG, U
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
ANDREASSON, S;ALLEBECK, P;RYDBERG, U
在之前对瑞典应征入伍者的纵向研究中，我们发现入伍时的大麻消费水平与 15 年随访期间精神分裂症的发展之间存在密切关联。在这项研究中，我们进一步分析了全国队列子样本的数据。将居住在斯德哥尔摩县的所有自称吸食大麻超过 10 次并随后患上精神分裂症的义务兵 (n = 8) 的病例记录与也患有精神分裂症但报告在入伍时未吸食大麻的义务兵样本的病例记录 (n = 13) 进行比较。与非吸食者相比，斯德哥尔摩国家大麻吸食者患精神分裂症的相对风险为 4.1（95% 置信区间 1.8-9.3）。没有证据表明任何其他麻醉药品在大麻滥用者精神分裂症的出现中发挥重要作用。此外，即使无法充分评估人格特质的作用，也没有证据表明吸食大麻之前存在精神障碍。在吸食大麻的人中发现了一种不同的精神恶化模式，比不吸食大麻的人更突然出现精神分裂症症状。在精神分裂症或其他精神障碍的遗传方面，使用者和非使用者之间没有重大差异。负面社会背景因素在大麻滥用者中更为常见。尽管这项研究中的病例数量很少，但研究结果支持了大麻确实在精神分裂症中发挥病因作用的假设。
In a previous longitudinal study of Swedish conscripts we have shown strong association between level of cannabis consumption at conscription and development of schizophrenia during 15 years of follow-up. In this study we further analysed data from a subsample of the national cohort. Case records for all conscripts residing in Stockholm County who reported consuming cannabis on more than 10 occasions and who subsequently developed schizophrenia (n = 8) were compared with case records of a sample of conscripts who also developed schizophrenia but reported no cannabis consumption at conscription (n = 13). The relative risk of schizophrenia among cannabis users in Stockholm Country was 4.1 (95% confidence interval 1.8-9.3) compared with nonusers. No evidence was found of a significant role for any other narcotic drug in the emergence of schizophrenia among cannabis abusers. Further, there was no evidence of mental disorder prior to cannabis abuse, even if the role of personality traits could not be fully assessed. A different pattern of mental deterioration was found among cannabis users, with a more abrupt onset of schizophrenic symptoms than nonusers. There was no major difference between users and nonusers in heredity for schizophrenia or other mental disorder. Negative social background factors were more common among cannabis abusers. Although the number of cases in this study was small, the findings support the hypothesis that cannabis does play an aetiological role in schizophrenia.