An Ultrasound Array of Emitter-Receiver Stacks for Microbubble-Based Therapy
An Ultrasound Array of Emitter-Receiver Stacks for Microbubble-Based Therapy
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DOI：
10.1109/tbme.2023.3307462
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发表时间：
2024-02-01
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Choi，James J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jiang，Zheng;Cudeiro-Blanco，Javier;Choi，James J.
大多数治疗超声设备将发射器和接收器放置在分开的位置，使得可以在接收器监测过程的同时发射长治疗脉冲（>1 ms）。然而，在这样的布置下，发射器和接收器竞争相同的空间，从而在发射效率和接收灵敏度之间产生折衷。利用最近的研究表明，短脉冲超声可以用于治疗，我们的目标是开发一种设备，克服这种权衡。该阵列由发射器-接收器叠层组成，能够从同一地点发射和接收。每个元件由锆钛酸铅（PZT）-聚偏氟乙烯（PVDF）叠层制成。PZT（频率：500 kHz，直径：16 mm）用于发射，PVDF（厚度：28 μm，直径：16 mm）用于宽带接收。将32个元件组装在3D打印的圆顶形框架中（焦距：150 mm; ${\bm{f}}$-number：1），并在自由场和通过离体人类头骨进行测试。在自由场中，该阵列具有4.5 × 4.5 × 32 mm的焦点，并在其几何中心产生2.12 MPa的峰值负压（PNP）。电子转向范围横向为±15 mm，轴向大于±15 mm。通过颅骨，阵列产生0.63 MPa的PNP。PVDF元件能够定位整个颅骨的宽带微泡发射。我们构建了第一个用于短脉冲和基于微泡的治疗应用的多元件阵列。堆叠阵列克服了传统的传输和接收质量之间的权衡，并有可能在治疗安全性和有效性方面产生阶跃变化。
Most therapeutic ultrasound devices place emitters and receivers in separate locations, so that the long therapeutic pulses (>1 ms) can be emitted while receivers monitor the procedure. However, with such placement, emitters and receivers are competing for the same space, producing a trade-off between emission efficiency and reception sensitivity. Taking advantage of recent studies demonstrating that short-pulse ultrasound can be used therapeutically, we aimed to develop a device that overcomes such trade-offs. The array was composed of emitter-receiver stacks, which enabled both emission and reception from the same location. Each element was made of a lead zirconate titanate (PZT)–polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) stack. The PZT (frequency: 500 kHz, diameter: 16 mm) was used for emission and the PVDF (thickness: 28 μm, diameter: 16 mm) for broadband reception. 32 elements were assembled in a 3D-printed dome-shaped frame (focal length: 150 mm; ${\bm{f}}$-number: 1) and was tested in free-field and through an ex-vivo human skull. In free-field, the array had a 4.5 × 4.5 × 32 mm focus and produced a peak-negative pressure (PNP) of 2.12 MPa at its geometric center. The electronic steering range was ±15 mm laterally and larger than ±15 mm axially. Through the skull, the array produced a PNP of 0.63 MPa. The PVDF elements were able to localize broadband microbubble emissions across the skull. We built the first multi-element array for short-pulse and microbubble-based therapeutic applications. Stacked arrays overcome traditional trade-offs between the transmission and reception quality and have the potential to create a step change in treatment safety and efficacy.