The left lateral occipital cortex exhibits decreased thickness in children with sensorineural hearing loss
The left lateral occipital cortex exhibits decreased thickness in children with sensorineural hearing loss
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2019.05.009
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发表时间：
2019-08-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Takahashi, Emi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Shiohama, Tadashi;McDavid, Jeremy;Takahashi, Emi
感音神经性听力损失（SNHL）患者倾向于表现出语言延迟、执行功能缺陷和视觉认知障碍，即使在听力放大和人工耳蜗植入干预后也是如此，这表明SNHL患者的大脑结构和功能发生了改变。在这项研究中，我们通过比较性别和年龄匹配的正常对照（NC），研究了30名SNHL儿童（18名轻度至中度[M-M] SNHL和12名中重度至重度[M-P] SNHL）的结构性脑部MRI。基于区域的分析未显示SNHL和NC之间大脑、基底节、小脑和脑室体积的统计学显著差异。在基于表面的分析中，SNHL和NC参与者之间的整体和叶皮质表面积、厚度和体积没有统计学显著差异。在使用随机场理论进行多重比较校正后，M-P SNHL的左中枕叶皮质和左下枕叶皮质的局部表面积、皮质厚度和皮质体积在统计学上显著小于NC（p < 0.02）。这些区域被确定为已知与高水平视觉认知相关的区域，包括人类中颞区、枕外侧区、枕面部区和V8。在M-P SNHL中观察到的局部厚度降低可能与临床环境中可检测到的SNHL视觉认知功能障碍相关。
Patients with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) tend to show language delay, executive functioning deficits, and visual cognitive impairment, even after intervention with hearing amplification and cochlear implants, which suggest altered brain structures and functions in SNHL patients. In this study, we investigated structural brain MRI in 30 children with SNHL (18 mild to moderate [M-M] SNHL and 12 moderately severe to profound [M-P] SNHL) by comparing gender- and age-matched normal controls (NC). Region-based analyses did not show statistically significant differences in volumes of the cerebrum, basal ganglia, cerebellum, and the ventricles between SNHL and NC. On surface-based analyses, the global and lobar cortical surface area, thickness, and volumes were not statistically significantly different between SNHL and NC participants. Regional surface areas, cortical thicknesses, and cortical volumes were statistically significantly smaller in M-P SNHL compared to NC in the left middle occipital cortex, and left inferior occipital cortex after a correction for multiple comparisons using random field theory (p < 0.02). These regions were identified as areas known to be related to high level visual cognition including the human middle temporal area, lateral occipital area, occipital face area, and V8. The observed regional decreased thickness in M-P SNHL may be associated with dysfunctions of visual cognition in SNHL detectable in a clinical setting.