Cohort Changes and Sex Differences After Age 50 in Cognitive Variables in the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing.
Cohort Changes and Sex Differences After Age 50 in Cognitive Variables in the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing.
复制标题
英国老龄化纵向研究中 50 岁后认知变量的队列变化和性别差异。
DOI：
10.1093/geronb/gbad089
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Hofer,ScottM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
O'Keefe,Patrick;Muniz-Terrera,Graciela;Voll,Stacey;Clouston,Sean;Wanström,Linda;Mann,FrankD;LeeRodgers,Joseph;Hofer,ScottM
本文建立了中年和晚年认知衰老的模型，并估计了具有多个队列和广泛年龄跨度的样本中初始水平和衰老轨迹的出生队列和性别差异。本研究中使用的数据来自2002年至2019年英国老龄化纵向研究的前9波。共76,014例（男性占45%）。依赖测量是语言流畅性、即时回忆、延迟回忆和定向。数据采用贝叶斯logistic增长曲线模型建模。结果4个变量中有3个存在显著的认知老化。在语言流畅性和即时记忆方面，男性和女性在52岁到89岁之间可能会失去大约30%的初始能力。延迟回忆能力的下降幅度更大，在52岁到89岁之间，男性和女性的延迟回忆能力分别下降了40%和50%（尽管女性的延迟回忆能力初始水平更高）。性取向本身并没有受到年龄的特别影响，男性和女性的变化都不到10%。此外，我们发现了初始能力水平的群体效应，在大约1930年至1950年之间出生的群体中，这种效应尤其明显。这些队列效应通常有利于较晚出生的队列。讨论了影响和未来的发展方向。
ObjectivesThis paper models cognitive aging, across mid and late life, and estimates birth cohort and sex differences in both initial levels and aging trajectories over time in a sample with multiple cohorts and a wide span of ages.MethodsThe data used in this study came from the first 9 waves of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing, spanning 2002–2019. There weren= 76,014 observations (proportion male 45%). Dependent measures were verbal fluency, immediate recall, delayed recall, and orientation. Data were modeled using a Bayesian logistic growth curve model.ResultsCognitive aging was substantial in 3 of the 4 variables examined. For verbal fluency and immediate recall, males and females could expect to lose about 30% of their initial ability between the ages of 52 and 89. Delayed recall showed a steeper decline, with males losing 40% and females losing 50% of their delayed recall ability between ages 52 and 89 (although females had a higher initial level of delayed recall). Orientation alone was not particularly affected by aging, with less than a 10% change for either males or females. Furthermore, we found cohort effects for initial ability level, with particularly steep increases for cohorts born between approximately 1930 and 1950.DiscussionThese cohort effects generally favored later-born cohorts. Implications and future directions are discussed.