Meso- and macrozooplankton communities in the Weddell Sea, Antarctica
Meso- and macrozooplankton communities in the Weddell Sea, Antarctica
复制标题
南极洲威德尔海的中型和大型浮游动物群落
作者：
E. Boysen;U. Piatkowski
概述本文描述了威德尔海上层区中型和大型浮游动物的组成和丰度，并就早期考察的结果对所遇到的物种进行了系统的回顾。1983年2月6日至3月10日，使用RMT 1+8 m（320和4500 μm筛目尺寸）从RV Polarstern采集材料。根据地形和水体分布，定义了三个不同的群落，并通过聚类分析明确区分：南部陆架群落丰度最低（约为100000）。9000个/ 1000 m3）。其中以晶体磷虾（Euphausia crystallorophias）和Gerlachei（Metridia gerlachei）为主。与低的总体丰度相比，由于许多浅海形式，经常出现的物种数量很高（55）。食草动物和杂食动物占主导地位（58%和35%）。东北大陆架群落的丰度最高（约31 000个/ 1000 m3）。桡足类主要为前哲水蚤和尖哲水蚤（61%）。动物区系组成的特点是既有大洋物种，也有浅海物种（64）。细滤食性动物占主导地位（65%）。海洋群落的平均丰度约为23000 ind./ 1000 m3，由61个物种组成。优势并不像大陆架群落那样明显。除了丰富的种类，如哲水蚤propinquus，哲水蚤acutus，Metridia gerlachei，Oithona spp。和Oncaea spp.在东风漂流中遇到了许多典型的居民。所有的摄食类型在海洋群落中具有相同的重要性。
SummaryThe present paper describes composition and abundance of meso- and macrozooplankton in the epipelagic zone of the Weddell Sea and gives a systematic review of encountered species regarding results of earlier expeditions. Material was sampled from 6 February to 10 March 1983 from RV Polarstern with a RMT 1+8 m (320 and 4500 μm mesh size). In agreement with topography and water mass distribution three distinct communities were defined, clearly separated by cluster analysis: The Southern Shelf Community has lowest abundances (approx. 9000 ind./1000 m3). Euphausia crystallorophias and Metridia gerlachei are predominating. Compared with the low overall abundance the number of regularly occurring species is high (55) due to many neritic forms. Herbivores and omnivores are dominating (58% and 35%). The North-eastern Shelf Community has highest abundances (about 31 000 ind./1000 m3). It is predominated by copepodites I–III of Calanus propinquus and Calanoides acutus (61%). The faunal composition is characterized by both oceanic and neritic species (64). Fine-filter feeders are prevailing (65%). The Oceanic Community has a mean abundance of approximately 23 000 ind./1000 m3, consisting of 61 species. Dominances are not as pronounced as in the shelf communities. Apart from abundant species like Calanus propinquus, Calanoides acutus, Metridia gerlachei, Oithona spp. and Oncaea spp. many typical inhabitants of the Eastwind Drift are encountered. All feeding types have about the same importance in the Oceanic Community.