Scaling laws predict global microbial diversity
Scaling laws predict global microbial diversity
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1521291113
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发表时间：
2016-05-24
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Lennon, Jay T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Locey, Kenneth J.;Lennon, Jay T.
比例定律是生物多样性统一理论的基础，也是生物学中最具预测力的关系之一。然而，为植物和动物制定的比例定律往往没有经过测试，或者对微生物无效。因此，目前尚不清楚生物多样性的规律性是否会跨越进化上遥远的生命领域，包括所有新陈代谢模式和丰富度。使用全球范围内对大约35,000个地点和类似5.6.10(6)个物种的汇编，包括有史以来最大的高通量分子数据库存和最大的动植物群落数据汇编之一，我们显示出微生物和宏观动植物之间在共性和稀有性方面的相似比例。我们记录了一个普遍的优势比例定律，它适用于30个数量级，这是一个前所未有的范围，预测了优势海洋细菌的丰度。将这一比例定律与生物多样性的对数正态模型相结合，我们预测地球上有超过1万亿(10(12))个微生物物种。微生物生物多样性似乎比预期的要大，但从最小的微生物组到最大的微生物组都是可以预测的。
Scaling laws underpin unifying theories of biodiversity and are among the most predictively powerful relationships in biology. However, scaling laws developed for plants and animals often go untested or fail to hold for microorganisms. As a result, it is unclear whether scaling laws of biodiversity will span evolutionarily distant domains of life that encompass all modes of metabolism and scales of abundance. Using a global-scale compilation of similar to 35,000 sites and similar to 5.6.10(6) species, including the largest ever inventory of high-throughput molecular data and one of the largest compilations of plant and animal community data, we show similar rates of scaling in commonness and rarity across microorganisms and macroscopic plants and animals. We document a universal dominance scaling law that holds across 30 orders of magnitude, an unprecedented expanse that predicts the abundance of dominant ocean bacteria. In combining this scaling law with the lognormal model of biodiversity, we predict that Earth is home to upward of 1 trillion (10(12)) microbial species. Microbial biodiversity seems greater than ever anticipated yet predictable from the smallest to the largest microbiome.