Variability of Zinc Oxide Dissolution Rates.
Variability of Zinc Oxide Dissolution Rates.
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DOI：
10.1021/acs.est.6b05732
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发表时间：
2017-03
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Monika Michaelis;C. Fischer;L. Colombi Ciacchi;A. Luttge
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Monika Michaelis;C. Fischer;L. Colombi Ciacchi;A. Luttge
氧化锌（ZnO）广泛应用于许多应用，包括许多化妆品工业。因此，ZnO粒子很可能进入环境。氧化锌可能是有害的，因为在溶解反应中释放出细胞毒性的Zn2+离子。在这里，我们分析了极性锌端（000-1）和非极性（10-10）晶体表面在超纯水中的溶解动力学，以研究晶体缺陷对溶解的影响。通过使用原子力显微镜和垂直扫描干涉测量的互补方法，我们量化了晶面之间反应速率的差异，速率变异性的总体范围，以及结合到总体速率的速率成分。（000-1）表面的平均溶解速率是（10-10）表面的4倍以上。通过速率谱分析，我们观察到总体溶解速率变异性超过1个数量级。在反应输运模型中，速率组分和溶解速率范围是预测Zn2+向环境潜在释放的重要输入参数。
Zinc oxide (ZnO) is of widespread use for numerous applications, including many in the cosmetic industry. Thus, ZnO particles are quite likely to enter the environment. ZnO may be harmful because of the release of cytotoxic Zn2+ ions during dissolution reactions. Here, we analyze the dissolution kinetics of the polar zinc-terminated (000-1) and nonpolar (10-10) crystal surfaces in ultrapure water to examine the impact of the crystal defects on dissolution. By using a complementary approach of atomic force microscopy and vertical scanning interferometry, we quantify the difference in reaction rate between the crystal faces, the overall range of rate variability, and the rate components that combine to an overall rate. The mean dissolution rate of the (000-1) crystal surface is more than 4 times that of the (10-10) surface. By using the rate spectrum analysis, we observed an overall dissolution rate variability of more than 1 order of magnitude. The rate components and the range of dissolution rate are important input parameters in reactive transport models for the prediction of potential release of Zn2+ into the environment.