Impact of large-scale, government legislated and funded organic farming training on pesticide use in Andhra Pradesh, India: a cross-sectional study.
Impact of large-scale, government legislated and funded organic farming training on pesticide use in Andhra Pradesh, India: a cross-sectional study.
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印度安得拉邦政府立法和资助的大规模有机农业培训对农药使用的影响：一项横断面研究。
DOI：
10.1016/s2542-5196(22)00062-6
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Jaacks LM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jaacks LM
背景 农业中农药的使用与生物多样性的破坏和人类健康的损害有关。全球迫切需要显着减少农药的使用，但能否迅速、大规模地实现这一目标尚不清楚。我们的目的是评估印度安得拉邦政府立法并资助的有机农业培训是否减少了农民的农药使用量和农药零售商的农药销售。方法 我们于 2020 年 8 月 11 日至 11 月 26 日期间对安得拉邦库努尔区（印度）的农民和农药零售商进行了横断面调查。我们评估了安得拉邦社区管理自然农业 (APCNF) 计划的影响，该计划旨在到 2030 年将安得拉邦（人口约 4900 万，其中 600 万农民）100% 的农业用地转变为有机农业实践。我们对农民进行了横断面电话访谈调查，并对农药零售商进行了面对面调查。我们使用多变量泊松回归模型来估计相对风险（RR），并使用逻辑回归模型来估计优势比（OR）。结果 962 名农民被邀请参加，其中 894 名（93%）农民同意（709 名传统农民和 149 名 APCNF 农民）。邀请47家农药零售商参加，其中38家（81%）同意。 APCNF 农民实施 APCNF 的时间中位数为 2 年（IQR 1-3）。尽管 APCNF 农民和传统农民的农药使用率仍然很高（148 名 APCNF 农民中的 73 名 [49%] 与 700 名传统农民中的 695 名 [99%] 相比，APCNF 农民使用农药的可能性较小（调整后的 RR 0· 65 [95% CI 0· 57–0· 75]）；p< 0· 0001）。 APCNF 农民的农药支出低于传统农民（APCNF 农民的中位数为 0 美元 [IQR 0–170]，而传统农民的中位数为 175 美元 [91–281]；p= 0· 0001）。与农业推广人员会面的频率增加与 ACPNF 农民农药使用量的减少有关。 38 家零售商中有 7 家 (18%) 报告过去 4 年农药销量下降； APCNF 零售商和传统零售商之间报告过去 4 年农药销量下降的几率没有差异（OR 0· 95 [95% CI 0· 58–1· 57]）。解读 尽管政府大力推动有机农业，但大约一半的 APCNF 农民继续使用农药，并且没有观察到对当地零售商农药销售的影响。消除农业中农药的使用可能需要结合政策工具（例如，禁止使用高危险农药），而不仅仅是对农民进行培训。资助苏格兰资助委员会和英国研究与创新。翻译 有关摘要的泰卢固语和印地语翻译，请参阅补充材料部分。
Background The use of pesticides in agriculture has been associated with the destruction of biodiversity and damage to human health. A marked reduction in pesticide use is urgently required globally, but whether this can be achieved rapidly and at scale is unclear. We aimed to assess whether government-legislated and funded organic farming training in Andhra Pradesh, India, reduced pesticide use by farmers and sales of pesticides by pesticide retailers. Methods We did a cross-sectional survey between Aug 11 and Nov 26, 2020, among farmers and pesticide retailers in Kurnool District of Andhra Pradesh (India). We assessed the impact of the Andhra Pradesh Community Managed Natural Farming (APCNF) programme, which aims to transition 100% of the agricultural land of Andhra Pradesh (population approximately 49 million, 6 million of whom are farmers) to organic farming practices by 2030. We did cross-sectional phone interview surveys of farmers and face-to-face surveys of pesticide retailers. We used multivariable Poisson regression models to estimate relative risks (RRs) and logistic regression models to estimate odds ratios (ORs). Findings 962 farmers were invited to participate, of whom 894 (93%) consented (709 conventional farmers and 149 APCNF farmers). 47 pesticide retailers were invited to participate, of whom 38 (81%) consented. APCNF farmers had practised APCNF for a median of 2 years (IQR 1–3). APCNF farmers were less likely to use pesticides than conventional farmers (adjusted RR 0· 65 [95% CI 0· 57–0· 75]), although pesticide use remained high among both APCNF and conventional farmers (73 [49%] of 148 APCNF farmers vs 695 [99%] of 700 conventional farmers; p< 0· 0001). APCNF farmers had lower pesticide expenditures than conventional farmers (median US $0 [IQR 0–170] for APCNF farmers vs $175 [91–281] for conventional farmers; p= 0· 0001). Increased frequency of meeting with agricultural extension workers was associated with reduced pesticide use among ACPNF farmers. Seven (18%) of 38 retailers reported a decrease in sales of pesticides in the past 4 years; no difference in the odds of reporting a decrease in pesticide sales in the past 4 years was identified between APCNF retailers and conventional retailers (OR 0· 95 [95% CI 0· 58–1· 57]). Interpretation Despite a major government drive for organic agriculture, about half of APCNF farmers continued to use pesticides and no impact on pesticide sales at local retailers was observed. A combination of policy instruments (eg, bans on highly hazardous pesticides), not solely training for farmers, might be needed to eliminate pesticide use in agriculture. Funding Scottish Funding Council and UK Research and Innovation. Translations For the Telugu and Hindi translation of the abstract see Supplementary Materials section.
安得拉邦卡里姆纳加尔地区农民采用有机农业的影响因素
DOI：
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
P. Prashanth;M. Reddy
通讯作者：
M. Reddy
参与式摄影中的主题拼贴：理解印度采用零预算自然农业的过程
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
G. Walker;H. Osbahr;S. Cardey
通讯作者：
S. Cardey