Menstruation: science and society.

Menstruation: science and society.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.ajog.2020.06.004
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发表时间:
2020-11
影响因子:
9.8
通讯作者:
Griffith LG
Griffith LG
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Critchley HOD;Babayev E;Bulun SE;Clark S;Garcia-Grau I;Gregersen PK;Kilcoyne A;Kim JJ;Lavender M;Marsh EE;Matteson KA;Maybin JA;Metz CN;Moreno I;Silk K;Sommer M;Simon C;Tariyal R;Taylor HS;Wagner GP;Griffith LG

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妇女的健康问题在基础研究和转化性研究中普遍不足,但由于缺乏对基本子宫和月经生理学的了解,生殖健康尤其受到阻碍。月经健康是整体健康不可或缺的一部分,因为在初潮和绝经之间,大多数女性都会来月经。然而,对于世界各地数以千万计的女性来说,月经经常会灾难性地破坏她们的身体、精神和社交健康。加强我们对月经、异常子宫出血和其他月经相关疾病的潜在现象的了解,将使我们更接近个性化护理的目标。此外,对月经-健康个体快速、无疤痕的愈合过程-的更深层次的机械性理解,可能会对涉及局部和系统血管功能调节的无数其他疾病产生洞察。我们还认识到,许多妇女现在推迟怀孕,人们越来越渴望生育和保留子宫。2018年9月,尤尼斯·肯尼迪·施莱弗国家儿童健康和人类发展研究所妇科健康和疾病分会召开了一次为期两天的会议,名为《月经:科学与社会》,旨在“找出月经科学中的差距和机会,并提高人们对这一领域需要更多研究的认识。”从月经的进化作用到基础子宫内膜生物学(包括子宫内膜的组学分析、子宫内膜的干细胞和组织工程、子宫内膜微生物组、异常子宫出血和子宫肌瘤)和转化医学(成像和采样方式、对包括异常子宫出血在内的月经紊乱的患者分析、智能技术或应用程序和移动医疗平台),从月经的进化角色到不同经济和文化背景的健康素养和传播框架的社会挑战,各领域的专家分享了当前的最先进技术和未来愿景,并在会议开始时纳入了患者的声音。在这里,我们提供了一份增强型会议报告,提供了广泛的最新(截至提交)背景,从月经基本过程如何响应黄体酮停药开始,通过组织驻留和循环干细胞和祖细胞在每月再生中的作用-以及目前关于调节失调如何导致异常子宫出血和其他月经相关疾病(如子宫腺肌症、子宫内膜异位症和子宫肌瘤)的知识空白-到诊断、治疗、患者和社会教育中的临床挑战。最后,我们概述了有关月经、特别是月经健康和卫生的全球议程是如何获得势头的,从增加投资,以解决低收入和中等收入国家女孩在学校面临的与月经有关的障碍,到最近在高收入国家蔓延的“月经平等”和“经期贫困”运动。
Women’s health concerns are generally underrepresented in basic and translational research, but reproductive health in particular has been hampered by a lack of understanding of basic uterine and menstrual physiology. Menstrual health is an integral part of overall health because between menarche and menopause, most women menstruate. Yet for tens of millions of women around the world, menstruation regularly and often catastrophically disrupts their physical, mental, and social well-being. Enhancing our understanding of the underlying phenomena involved in menstruation, abnormal uterine bleeding, and other menstruation-related disorders will move us closer to the goal of personalized care. Furthermore, a deeper mechanistic understanding of menstruation—a fast, scarless healing process in healthy individuals—will likely yield insights into a myriad of other diseases involving regulation of vascular function locally and systemically. We also recognize that many women now delay pregnancy and that there is an increasing desire for fertility and uterine preservation. In September 2018, the Gynecologic Health and Disease Branch of the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development convened a 2-day meeting, “Menstruation: Science and Society” with an aim to “identify gaps and opportunities in menstruation science and to raise awareness of the need for more research in this field.” Experts in fields ranging from the evolutionary role of menstruation to basic endometrial biology (including omic analysis of the endometrium, stem cells and tissue engineering of the endometrium, endometrial microbiome, and abnormal uterine bleeding and fibroids) and translational medicine (imaging and sampling modalities, patient-focused analysis of menstrual disorders including abnormal uterine bleeding, smart technologies or applications and mobile health platforms) to societal challenges in health literacy and dissemination frameworks across different economic and cultural landscapes shared current state-of-the-art and future vision, incorporating the patient voice at the launch of the meeting. Here, we provide an enhanced meeting report with extensive up-to-date (as of submission) context, capturing the spectrum from how the basic processes of menstruation commence in response to progesterone withdrawal, through the role of tissue-resident and circulating stem and progenitor cells in monthly regeneration—and current gaps in knowledge on how dysregulation leads to abnormal uterine bleeding and other menstruation-related disorders such as adenomyosis, endometriosis, and fibroids—to the clinical challenges in diagnostics, treatment, and patient and societal education. We conclude with an overview of how the global agenda concerning menstruation, and specifically menstrual health and hygiene, are gaining momentum, ranging from increasing investment in addressing menstruation-related barriers facing girls in schools in low- to middle-income countries to the more recent “menstrual equity” and “period poverty” movements spreading across high-income countries.
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