Effects of Workload and Workload Transitions on Attention Allocation in a Dual-Task Environment: Evidence From Eye Tracking Metrics
Effects of Workload and Workload Transitions on Attention Allocation in a Dual-Task Environment: Evidence From Eye Tracking Metrics
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DOI：
10.1177/1555343419892184
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发表时间：
2020-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
N. Moacdieh;S. Devlin;H. Jundi;S. L. Riggs
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
N. Moacdieh;S. Devlin;H. Jundi;S. L. Riggs
除了工作量的变化之外，高脑力工作量也会对操作员产生负面影响，但目前尚不清楚突然与渐进的工作量转变对性能和视觉注意力分配有何影响。这些知识很重要，因为工作负载的突然变化在多任务处理领域很常见。本研究的目的是使用性能和眼动追踪指标来调查，在双任务范式的背景下，恒定与可变的工作量水平如何影响操作员。无人机指挥与控制模拟在低、高之间变化任务负载，从低到高逐渐过渡，从低到高突然过渡。计算了主要和次要任务的表现以及多项眼动追踪指标。总体而言，突然和渐进的工作负载转变在表现或注意力分配方面没有显着差异；然而，与低/高工作负荷相比，突然和渐进的工作负荷转变改变了参与者处理主要和次要任务的策略。此外，不经常使用的眼动追踪指标（例如转移率和稳态熵）可以更深入地了解性能差异。这些指标可以用来更好地了解运营商的策略，并可以构成自适应显示的基础。
High mental workload, in addition to changes in workload, can negatively affect operators, but it is not clear how sudden versus gradual workload transitions influence performance and visual attention allocation. This knowledge is important as sudden shifts in workload are common in multitasking domains. The objective of this study was to investigate, using performance and eye tracking metrics, how constant versus variable levels of workload affect operators in the context of a dual-task paradigm. An unmanned aerial vehicle command and control simulation varied task load between low, high, gradually transitioning from low to high, and suddenly transitioning from low to high. Performance on a primary and secondary task and several eye tracking measures were calculated. There was no significant difference between sudden and gradual workload transitions in terms of performance or attention allocation overall; however, both sudden and gradual workload transitions changed participants’ strategy in dealing with the primary and secondary task as compared to low/high workload. Also, eye tracking metrics that are not frequently used, such as transition rate and stationary entropy, provided more insight into performance differences. These metrics can potentially be used to better understand operators’ strategies and could form the basis of an adaptive display.