Human intestinal microbiota Characterization of a simplified and stable gnotobiotic rat model
Human intestinal microbiota Characterization of a simplified and stable gnotobiotic rat model
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DOI：
10.4161/gmic.2.1.14651
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发表时间：
2011-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
12.2
通讯作者：
Blaut, Michael
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Becker, Natalie;Kunath, Julia;Blaut, Michael
宿主微生物相互作用的研究受到人类肠道微生物群的复杂性和个体间变异性的阻碍。因此，将由7种细菌组成的简化人类肠道微生物群（SIHUMI）引入无菌大鼠。物种选择是基于数值重要性和在人类肠道中的发酵能力。与无菌动物相比，与SIHUMI（缺氧菌、拟杆菌、长双歧杆菌、产蓝芽胞杆菌、拉莫梭菌、大肠杆菌和植物乳杆菌）接触的大鼠粪便中的短链脂肪酸浓度增加。由于粪便中丁酸盐浓度较低（0.9 +/- 0.5 μ mol/g干物质），在SIHUMI中添加丁酸梭菌。这种扩大的细菌群落（SIHUMIx）导致粪便丁酸盐浓度增加1.5 +/- 0.7 μ mol/g干物质。SIHUMIx除能形成短链脂肪酸外，还能降解粘蛋白、-天冬氨酸和胆红素。这些特征是传统动物的特征，但在无菌动物中没有观察到。改变纤维和脂肪含量的饮食干预导致社区成员比例的变化。在高脂肪饮食的反应中，该社区的一名成员的相对增加反映了肥胖小鼠和人类受试者的情况。模范群落的优势在于它们随着时间的推移具有显著的稳定性，并且易于传递给后代。
The study of host microbe interactions is hampered by the complexity and inter-individual variability of the human gut microbiota. Therefore, a simplified human intestinal microbiota (SIHUMI) consisting of seven bacterial species was introduced into germfree rats. Species selection was based on numerical importance and fermentative abilities in the human gut. Association of the rats with the SIHUMI (Anaerostipes caccae, Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, Bifidobacterium longum, Blautia producta, Clostridium ramosum, Escherichia coli and Lactobacillus plantarum) resulted in increased fecal concentrations of short chain fatty acids compared to germfree animals. Since the fecal butyrate concentration was low (0.9 +/- 0.5 mu mol/g dry matter) the SIHUMI was complemented with Clostridium butyricum. This extended bacterial community (SIHUMIx) led to an increased fecal butyrate concentration of 1.5 +/- 0.7 mu mol/g dry matter. Besides forming SCFA, the SIHUMIx was capable of degrading mucins, beta-aspartylglycine and bilirubin. These features are characteristic of conventional animals but not observed in germfree animals. Dietary interventions with modifications in fibre and fat content led to changes in the proportion of community members. The relative increase of one member of this community in response to a high-fat diet reflects the situation reported for obese mice and human subjects. The strength of the model communities is their remarkable stability over time and their easy transfer to the offspring.