A Review and Practical Guide to In-Flight Calibration for Aircraft Turbulence Sensors
A Review and Practical Guide to In-Flight Calibration for Aircraft Turbulence Sensors
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DOI：
10.1175/jtech-d-12-00103.1
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发表时间：
2013-12-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Heinemann, Guenther
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Druee, Clemens;Heinemann, Guenther
必须对大量的量进行测量和处理，以确定大气状态变量，这是基于飞机测量的实际测量值。这些量之间的依赖关系很大程度上取决于飞机的空气动力学状态。因此，基于飞机的气象测量需要在飞行中进行校准。大多数研究飞机的操作人员都进行某种校准，但使用的方案和记录的程度差别很大。然而，所需的飞行机动和计算方法发表在一些部分重叠和部分矛盾的出版物中。有些方法在主要关注大气过程的出版物中只作为一个小问题提出，因此很难找到。对于飞机用户来说，由于缺少全面的指导，因此执行或验证校准是具有挑战性的。这一不足是在德国研究飞机Polar5的飞行校准中指出的，该飞机是为夏季Katabatic风和Polynyas （IKAPOS）的实地实验调查而进行的。在本文中，对该领域的现有文献进行了全面的回顾，并给出了用于湍流通量测量的研究飞机的风校准的实用指南。
A large number of quantities have to be measured and processed to determine the atmospheric-state variables, which are the actual measurands, from aircraft-based measurements. A great part of the dependencies between these quantities depends on the aerodynamic state of the aircraft. Aircraft-based meteorological measurements, hence, require in-flight calibration. Most operators of research aircraft perform some kind of calibration, but the schemes used and the degree they are documented greatly vary. The flight maneuvers and calculation methods required, however, are published in a number of partly overlapping and partly contradictory publications. Some methods are only presented as a minor issue in publications mainly focused on atmospheric processes and are therefore hard to find. For an aircraft user, it is hence challenging to either perform or verify a calibration because of missing comprehensive guidance. This lack was stated on occasion of the in-flight calibration of the German research aircraft Polar5 carried out for the field experiment Investigation of Katabatic Winds and Polynyas during Summer (IKAPOS). In the present paper, a comprehensive review of the existing literature on this field and a practical guide to the wind calibration of a research aircraft to be used for turbulent flux measurements are given.