Effect on blood pressure of potassium, calcium, and magnesium in women with low habitual intake
Effect on blood pressure of potassium, calcium, and magnesium in women with low habitual intake
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DOI：
10.1161/01.hyp.31.1.131
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发表时间：
1998-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
8.3
通讯作者：
Moore, TJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sacks, FM;Willett, WC;Moore, TJ
在人群中，钾、钙和镁的膳食摄入量与血压呈负相关。然而，大多数在正常血压人群中进行的临床试验并没有发现这些矿物质的膳食补充剂可以降低血压。我们测试了这样一个假设，即血压正常的人，这些矿物质的习惯性摄入量低，对补充剂特别敏感。在护士健康研究II中，300名血压正常的妇女（平均年龄39岁），其钾、钙和镁的摄入量在第10到第15百分位数之间，在16周的时间内每天补充钾40毫摩尔，钙30毫摩尔（1200毫克），镁14毫摩尔（336毫克），所有三种矿物质一起或安慰剂。基线时，平均（+/-SD） 24小时动态血压分别为收缩压116+/-8和舒张压73+/-6毫米汞柱，钾、钙和镁的平均膳食摄入量分别为62+/-20 mmol/d、638+/-265 mg/d和239+/-79 mg/d。治疗组和安慰剂组之间收缩压和舒张压变化的平均差异（95%置信区间）在钾组中为-2.0（-3.7至-0.3）和-1.7(-3.0至-0.4)，但在钙组中为-0.6（-2.2至1.0）和-0.7(-2.0至0.6)，镁组为-0.9（-2.6至0.8）和-0.7(-2.2至0.8)，差异不显著。钙、镁与钾同时给药并没有增强单钾的作用；血压变化不显著-1.3（-3.0到0.4）和-0.9（-2.2到0.4）。综上所述，钾补充剂，而不是钙或镁补充剂，对饮食摄入量低、血压正常的人有适度的降血压效果。这项研究加强了钾对普通人群血压调节重要性的证据。
In populations, dietary intakes of potassium, calcium, and magnesium each have been inversely associated with blood pressure. However, most clinical trials in normotensive populations have not found that dietary supplements of these minerals lowered blood pressure. We tested the hypothesis that normotensive persons who have low habitual intake of these minerals would be particularly responsive to supplementation. Three hundred normotensive women in the Nurses Health Study II (mean age, 39 years), whose reported intakes of potassium, calcium, and magnesium were between the 10th and 15th percentiles, received for 16 weeks' duration daily supplements of either potassium 40 mmol, calcium 30 mmol (1200 mg), magnesium 14 mmol (336 mg), all three minerals together or placebos. At baseline, mean (+/-SD) 24-hour ambulatory blood pressures were 116+/-8 and 73+/-6 mm Hg systolic and diastolic, respectively, and mean dietary intakes of potassium, calcium, and magnesium were 62+/-20 mmol/d, 638+/-265 mg/d, and 239+/-79 mg/d, respectively. The mean differences (with 95% confidence intervals) of the changes in systolic and diastolic blood pressures between the treatment and placebo groups were significant for potassium, -2.0 (-3.7 to -0.3) and -1.7 (-3.0 to -0.4), but not for calcium, -0.6 (-2.2 to 1.0) and -0.7 (-2.0 to 0.6), or for magnesium, -0.9 (-2.6 to 0.8) and -0.7 (-2.2 to 0.8). The administration of calcium and magnesium with potassium did not enhance the effect of potassium alone; and the changes in blood pressure were not significant -1.3 (-3.0 to 0.4) and -0.9 (-2.2 to 0.4). In conclusion, potassium, but not calcium or magnesium supplements, has a modest blood pressure-lowering effect in normotensive persons with low dietary intake. This study strengthens evidence for the importance of potassium for blood pressure regulation in the general population.