Three brain states in the hippocampus and cortex
Three brain states in the hippocampus and cortex
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DOI：
10.1002/hipo.22956
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发表时间：
2019-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Frank, Loren M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kay, Kenneth;Frank, Loren M.
当代的大脑研究试图理解认知是如何还原为神经活动的。至关重要的是，这些努力大部分是由一种科学范式指导的，这种范式认为神经活动基本上是由外部刺激驱动的。相反，最近的观点认为，这种范式本身是不够的，需要理解大脑内在的活动模式来解释认知。然而，尽管有这样的批评，刺激驱动的模式仍然占主导地位--可能是因为还没有一个令人信服的替代方案。在这里，我们回顾了一系列的研究结果，提出了这样的替代方案。这些发现表明，海马体中的神经活动发生在三种大脑状态之一中，这三种大脑状态具有根本不同的解剖学，生理学，表征和行为相关性，共同暗示了认知中不同的功能角色。这个三态框架还表明，海马体中的神经表征在类似于1秒或更长的时间尺度上遵循一种令人惊讶的组织模式。最后，在海马体之外，最近的突破表明皮层中有三个平行的状态，表明内在神经活动的共同原则和全脑组织。
Contemporary brain research seeks to understand how cognition is reducible to neural activity. Crucially, much of this effort is guided by a scientific paradigm that views neural activity as essentially driven by external stimuli. In contrast, recent perspectives argue that this paradigm is by itself inadequate and that understanding patterns of activity intrinsic to the brain is needed to explain cognition. Yet, despite this critique, the stimulus-driven paradigm still dominates-possibly because a convincing alternative has not been clear. Here, we review a series of findings suggesting such an alternative. These findings indicate that neural activity in the hippocampus occurs in one of three brain states that have radically different anatomical, physiological, representational, and behavioral correlates, together implying different functional roles in cognition. This three-state framework also indicates that neural representations in the hippocampus follow a surprising pattern of organization at the timescale of similar to 1 s or longer. Lastly, beyond the hippocampus, recent breakthroughs indicate three parallel states in the cortex, suggesting shared principles and brain-wide organization of intrinsic neural activity.