Scared straight? Fear-appeal anti-smoking campaigns, risk, self-efficacy and addiction
Scared straight? Fear-appeal anti-smoking campaigns, risk, self-efficacy and addiction
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DOI：
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发表时间：
2009
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Pearce
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文献类型：
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作者：
L. Thompson;J. Barnett;J. Pearce
在当代西方，吸烟者越来越受到污名化。这项研究以新西兰基督城的一项定性研究为基础，旨在调查人们对反吸烟运动的反应方式，并引起人们对恐惧诉求运动可能会加剧“铁杆”吸烟者的污名化的担忧。一般来说，活动是有效的，自我效能感高的团体和个人的行为也发生了变化。那些不认为自己有效的人以各种方式响应这些活动，但那些无法或不愿意改变吸烟行为的人代表了铁杆吸烟者，他们可能永远无法戒烟。我们认为，尼古丁成瘾的本质应该得到更广泛的解决，而不是简单地将这些人视为不正常或不守规矩的人。对尼古丁成瘾的认识与对其他成瘾物质成瘾的认识非常不同。需要更多地关注不同的策略，以试图解决对那些继续吸烟的人不可否认的健康影响。除了目前在整个西方世界使用的策略和活动之外，还应考虑对 NRT 的持续使用，以及各种无烟烟草产品。
Smokers are becoming increasingly stigmatised in the contemporary West. Based on a qualitative study in Christchurch, New Zealand, this research aimed to investigate the ways that people respond to anti-smoking campaigns and to raise concerns about the ways that fear-appeal campaigns in particular may serve to reinforce the stigmatisation of ‘hard-core’ smokers. Generally, campaigns have been effective and behaviour change has occurred in groups and individuals who have high levels of self-efficacy. Those who do not perceive that they are efficacious respond in a variety of ways to these campaigns, but those unable or unwilling to change their smoking behaviour represent a hard-core of smokers, who may never be able to quit. Rather than simply cast these people as deviant or unruly, we argue that the nature of nicotine addiction should be addressed more broadly. Addiction to nicotine is perceived very differently to addiction to other addictive substances. More attention needs to be paid to different strategies to attempt to address the undeniable health implications for those who continue to smoke. As well as the strategies and campaigns that are currently used throughout the Western world, the on-ongoing use of NRT should be considered as should various smokeless tobacco products.