Sex allocation according to multiple sexually dimorphic traits of both parents in the barn swallow (Hirundo rustica)
Sex allocation according to multiple sexually dimorphic traits of both parents in the barn swallow (Hirundo rustica)
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DOI：
10.1111/jeb.12650
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发表时间：
2015-06
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
A. Romano;M. Romano;M. Caprioli;A. Costanzo;M. Parolini;D. Rubolini;N. Saino
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Romano;M. Romano;M. Caprioli;A. Costanzo;M. Parolini;D. Rubolini;N. Saino
父母应该根据男性和女性后代的性别特异性健康回报，对儿子或女儿进行不同的投资。在具有性选择的可遗传雄性特征的物种中，高智商的父亲应该会过度繁殖儿子，这将比低智商父亲的儿子更具性吸引力。由于两性之间的遗传相关性，表现出在雄性中处于选择之下的特征的雌性也会过量生产男孩。然而，性别分配策略可能包括反应规范，导致后代性别比（SR）和父母表型之间的关联时空变化。我们分析了8年多来家燕（Hirundo rustica）的后代SR与两个性二态性状的关系：尾长和基于黑色素的腹侧羽毛颜色。儿子的比例增加与母亲的羽毛黑暗和父亲的尾长，一致性的两性异形在这些特征。这些亲本性状对SR的影响的大小与其他鸟类后代SR的研究相比很大。因此，谷仓燕子操纵后代SR过度生产“性感的儿子”，并可能减轻成本的intralocus性拮抗选择。后代SR和父母性状之间的关系的年际变化进行了观察，这可能表明性别分配的表型可塑性，并提供了一个近似的解释不一致的结果，性别分配的研究有关的鸟类性取向。
Parents should differentially invest in sons or daughters depending on the sex‐specific fitness returns from male and female offspring. In species with sexually selected heritable male characters, highly ornamented fathers should overproduce sons, which will be more sexually attractive than sons of less ornamented fathers. Because of genetic correlations between the sexes, females that express traits which are under selection in males should also overproduce sons. However, sex allocation strategies may consist in reaction norms leading to spatiotemporal variation in the association between offspring sex ratio (SR) and parental phenotype. We analysed offspring SR in barn swallows (Hirundo rustica) over 8 years in relation to two sexually dimorphic traits: tail length and melanin‐based ventral plumage coloration. The proportion of sons increased with maternal plumage darkness and paternal tail length, consistently with sexual dimorphism in these traits. The size of the effect of these parental traits on SR was large compared to other studies of offspring SR in birds. Barn swallows thus manipulate offspring SR to overproduce ‘sexy sons’ and potentially to mitigate the costs of intralocus sexually antagonistic selection. Interannual variation in the relationships between offspring SR and parental traits was observed which may suggest phenotypic plasticity in sex allocation and provides a proximate explanation for inconsistent results of studies of sex allocation in relation to sexual ornamentation in birds.