Amplified Arctic climate change: What does surface albedo feedback have to do with it?
Amplified Arctic climate change: What does surface albedo feedback have to do with it?
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DOI：
10.1029/2005gl025244
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发表时间：
2006-02
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
M. Winton
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Winton
一组由12个IPCC第四次评估报告(AR4)组成的气候模型的北极(60N-90N)变暖平均比其在1%/年二氧化碳增加实验中二氧化碳翻倍时的全球变暖大1.9倍。基于标准模式诊断，对北极和全球地区影响变暖反应的强迫和反馈进行了估计。对每个区域采用零维能量平衡模式，导出了北极放大系数与这些强迫和反馈的函数关系的表达式。对北极放大有贡献的是北极-全球地表反照率反馈(SAF)、长波反馈和大气顶净通量强迫(地面通量和大气热传输汇聚的总和)的差异。加倍的二氧化碳强迫和非SAF短波反馈反对北极的放大。在模拟的北极放大及其模式间变化中，SAF被证明是一个贡献因素，但不是主要因素。
A group of twelve IPCC fourth assessment report (AR4) climate models have Arctic (60N–90N) warmings that are, on average, 1.9 times greater than their global warmings at the time of CO2 doubling in 1%/year CO2 increase experiments. Forcings and feedbacks that impact the warming response are estimated for both Arctic and global regions based on standard model diagnostics. Fitting a zero‐dimensional energy balance model to each region, an expression is derived that gives the Arctic amplification as a function of these forcings and feedbacks. Contributing to Arctic amplification are the Arctic‐global differences in surface albedo feedback (SAF), longwave feedback and the net top‐of‐atmosphere flux forcing (the sum of the surface flux and the atmospheric heat transport convergence). The doubled CO2 forcing and non‐SAF shortwave feedback oppose Arctic amplification. SAF is shown to be a contributing, but not a dominating, factor in the simulated Arctic amplification and its intermodel variation.