Similar effects of lysine deficiency in muscle biochemical characteristics of fatty and lean piglets
Similar effects of lysine deficiency in muscle biochemical characteristics of fatty and lean piglets
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DOI：
10.2527/jas.2017.1364
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发表时间：
2017-07-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Nieto, R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Palma-Granados, P.;Haro, A.;Nieto, R.
这项工作的主要目的是研究在相同的实验条件下，在脂肪猪（伊比利亚猪）和传统基因型猪（长白猪 x 大白猪 [LDW]）中，饲喂缺乏赖氨酸的日粮对肌肉生化特性的影响，特别是肌内脂肪浓度和脂肪酸谱。还监测了表现和血浆代谢变化。 28 只初始体重为 10 kg 的阉猪，其中 14 只为伊比利亚品种，14 只为 LDW 品种，以 2 x 2 因子排列（2 个品种 x 2 个日粮）随机分配到 2 个实验日粮中的每一个。每个处理组合分配七头猪。对基于大麦、玉米、玉米蛋白粉和豆粕的日粮（等氮和等能；200 g CP/kg DM 和 14.7 MJ ME）进行了分析，其组成相同，但 Lys 含量不同（赖氨酸充足的日粮为 10.9 g/kg，赖氨酸不足的日粮为 5.2 g/kg）。将猪圈养在单独的 2 m(2) 栏内，并按伊比利亚基因型随意采食量的 85% 饲喂，采食量更大。每日饲料供给量基于每周单独测量的体重。体重25公斤的猪在电击晕后放血屠宰。采集血样，快速解剖背最长肌和股二头肌，并在分析前冷冻保存。当饲喂缺乏赖氨酸的日粮时，两个猪品种的生产性能均下降，尤其是 LDW 猪（品种 x 日粮交互作用，P < 0.05）。当饲喂缺乏赖氨酸的日粮时，伊比利亚猪的背最长肌（P < 0.05）和两种基因型猪的股二头肌（P < 0.01）的肌内脂肪含量增加。饲喂缺乏 Lys 日粮的两种基因型猪的背最长肌和股二头肌中，油酸增加（P < 0.05），PUFA 酸减少（P < 0.01）。饲喂缺乏赖氨酸日粮的两种猪的背最长肌中氧化纤维的比例（P < 0.001）和游离左旋肉碱含量（P < 0.05）均有所增加。与伊比利亚猪相比，LDW 猪的血浆肌酐更高（P < 0.01）。食用缺乏赖氨酸日粮的猪的尿素和总胆固醇增加（P < 0.01）。伊比利亚猪血浆游离左旋肉碱浓度高于 LDW 猪（P < 0.059）。没有检测到由于膳食赖氨酸供应导致血浆左旋肉碱状态发生变化。饲喂缺乏赖氨酸的日粮可能是增加肥猪和瘦猪肌内脂肪含量的合适策略。
The main objective of this work was to investigate the effects of feeding Lys-deficient diets on muscle biochemical characteristics, particularly intramuscular fat concentration and fatty acid profile, in a fatty (Iberian) and a conventional pig genotype (Landrace x Large White [LDW]) maintained in identical experimental conditions. Performance and plasma metabolite changes were also monitored. Twenty-eight barrows of 10 kg initial BW, 14 of Iberian and 14 of LDW breed, were randomly assigned to each of 2 experimental diets in a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement (2 breeds x 2 diets). Seven pigs were allocated to each treatment combination. Diets (isonitrogenous and isoenergetic; 200 g CP/kg DM and 14.7 MJ ME) based on barley, corn, corn gluten meal, and soybean meal, with identical composition, except for their Lys content (10.9 g/kg for the diet adequate in Lys and 5.2 g/kg for the diet deficient in Lys), were assayed. Pigs were housed in individual 2 m(2) pens and fed at 85% of ad libitum intake of the Iberian genotype, of greater intake capacity. Daily feed allowance was based on BW individually measured each week. At 25 kg BW, pigs were slaughtered by exsanguination after electrical stunning. Blood samples were taken and longissimus dorsi and biceps femoris muscles were rapidly dissected and stored frozen prior to analysis. Performance was reduced in both pig breeds when fed Lys-deficient diets, particularly in LDW pigs (breed x diet interaction, P < 0.05). Intramuscular fat content increased in longissimus dorsi of Iberian (P < 0.05) and in biceps femoris of both pig genotypes (P < 0.01) when fed Lys-deficient diets. Oleic acid increased (P < 0.05) and PUFA acid decreased (P < 0.01) in longissiumus dorsi and biceps femoris of pigs of both genotypes fed Lys-deficient diets. The proportion of oxidative fibers (P < 0.001) and free l-carnitine content (P < 0.05) increased in longissimus dorsi of both pigs types fed Lys-deficient diets. Plasma creatinine was greater in LDW pigs compared with Iberian pigs (P < 0.01). Urea and total cholesterol increased in pigs consuming Lys-deficient diets (P < 0.01). The plasma free l-carnitine concentration was higher in Iberian pigs than in LDW pigs (P < 0.059). No changes in plasma l-carnitine status due to dietary Lys supply were detected. Feeding Lys-deficient diets could be a suitable strategy for increasing intramuscular fat content in fatty and lean pigs.