THE ISSUES OF STAFF BURNOUT IN THERAPEUTIC COMMUNITIES
THE ISSUES OF STAFF BURNOUT IN THERAPEUTIC COMMUNITIES
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DOI：
10.1080/02791072.1986.10472354
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发表时间：
1986-07-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
FREUDENBERGER, HJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
FREUDENBERGER, HJ
在过去的 22 年里，这位临床医生一直积极与酒精和其他药物滥用治疗项目以及治疗社区 (TC) 的居民和工作人员合作。正如许多临床医生多年来所指出的那样。在 TC 完成治疗的大量男性和女性往往成为他们居住的治疗机构的工作人员。通常存在一种不知不觉的倾向，即为个人和职业失败而设立各种治疗机构的工作人员。在大量从阿片类药物滥用者变成酗酒者的工作人员中可以观察到这种失败。这种失败进一步体现在工作人员在治疗过程中向居民表现出许多未解决的反移情情绪。经常有人指出，工作人员无法与配偶保持亲密或爱情关系，这一点也很明显。爱人或孩子，以及许多情绪困扰、心身或身体不适的迹象（Freudenberger 1981）。这种失败的计划可能会进一步表现为工作人员所采用的僵化和不灵活的治疗方法。不幸的是，许多未解决的个人问题因工作中的倦怠过程而加剧。
This clinician has been actively engaged in working with the residents and staff members of alcohol and other drug abuse treatment programs as well as therapeutic communities (TCs) for the past 22 years. As many clinicians have indicated over the years. a significant number of the men and women who complete their treatment in a TC often become the staff members of the treatment facilities in which they were residents. Frequently there is an unwitting tendency to set up staff members of various treatment facilities for personal and professional failure. The failures may be observed in a noticeably high number of staff members who go from being opiate abusers to being alcoholics. The failure is further evident in the expression of many unresolved countertransference feelings that staff members act out with residents during the treatment process. It is also evident in the often stated inability of staff members to maintain intimate or love relations with mates. lovers or children as well as in numerous indications of emotional disturbance, psychosomatic or physical complaints (Freudenberger 1981). Th is program ing toward failure may further manifest itself in the rigid and inflexible treatment approaches that are utilized by staff members. The many unresolved personal issues are then unfortunately heightened by the burnout process to which they are subjected in their jobs.