The reappearance hypothesis revisited: Recurrent involuntary memories after traumatic events and in everyday life
The reappearance hypothesis revisited: Recurrent involuntary memories after traumatic events and in everyday life
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DOI：
10.3758/mc.36.2.449
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发表时间：
2008-03-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Rubin, David C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Berntsen, Dortme;Rubin, David C.
反复出现的无意识记忆是指在没有先前提取尝试的情况下出现在脑海中的自传体记忆，并且主观上被体验为重复的。临床上，它们被归类为创伤后应激障碍的症状。目前的工作是第一次系统地检查临床环境以外的复发性非自愿记忆。第一项研究调查了2004年东南亚海啸灾难幸存者的反复出现的非自愿记忆。研究2考察了一个大的一般人群中反复出现的非自愿记忆。研究3考察了日记研究中记录的反复出现的非自愿记忆的内容是否重复或彼此不同。我们发现，反复出现的非自愿记忆并不局限于临床人群或情绪上的负面经历;它们通常不会以固定和不可改变的形式出现在脑海中;它们在可访问性方面表现出与一般自传体记忆相同的模式。我们认为，创伤后和日常生活中反复出现的非自愿记忆可以用自传体记忆的一般和完善的机制来解释。
Recurrent involuntary memories are autobiographical memories that come to mind with no preceding retrieval attempt and that are subjectively experienced as being repetitive. Clinically, they are classified as a symptom of posttraumatic stress disorder. The present work is the first to systematically examine recurrent involuntary memories outside clinical settings. Study 1 examines recurrent involuntary memories among survivors of the tsunami catastrophe in Southeast Asia in 2004. Study 2 examines recurrent involuntary memories in a large general population. Study 3 examines whether the contents of recurrent involuntary memories recorded in a diary study are duplicates of, or differ from, one another. We show that recurrent involuntary memories are not limited to clinical populations or to emotionally negative experiences; that they typically do not come to mind in a fixed and unchangeable form; and that they show the same pattern regarding accessibility as do autobiographical memories in general. We argue that recurrent involuntary memories after traumas and in everyday life can be explained in terms of general and well-established mechanisms of autobiographical memory.