Contribution of GnIH Research to the Progress of Reproductive Neuroendocrinology.
Contribution of GnIH Research to the Progress of Reproductive Neuroendocrinology.
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DOI：
10.3389/fendo.2015.00179
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Kriegsfeld LJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tsutsui K;Ubuka T;Son YL;Bentley GE;Kriegsfeld LJ
自20世纪70年代初在哺乳动物中发现促性腺激素释放激素（GnRH）以来，人们普遍认为GnRH是哺乳动物和其他脊椎动物中唯一调节促性腺激素释放的下丘脑神经肽。然而，在2000年，在鹌鹑中发现了一种新的下丘脑神经肽——促性腺激素抑制激素（GnIH），它能有效抑制促性腺激素的释放。过去15年的大量研究表明，GnIH在脊椎动物的生殖调节中起着关键作用，它作用于大脑和垂体，调节生殖生理和行为。在后一种情况下，最近的证据表明GnIH可以通过改变神经类固醇（如神经雌激素）在大脑中的生物合成来调节生殖行为。本文综述了GnIH的发现、GnIH的作用方式、生物合成调控以及这些发现如何促进我们对生殖神经内分泌学的理解。
Since the discovery of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) in mammals at the beginning of the 1970s, it was generally accepted that GnRH is the only hypothalamic neuropeptide regulating gonadotropin release in mammals and other vertebrates. In 2000, however, gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone (GnIH), a novel hypothalamic neuropeptide that actively inhibits gonadotropin release, was discovered in quail. Numerous studies over the past decade and a half have demonstrated that GnIH serves as a key player regulating reproduction across vertebrates, acting on the brain and pituitary to modulate reproductive physiology and behavior. In the latter case, recent evidence indicates that GnIH can regulate reproductive behavior through changes in neurosteroid, such as neuroestrogen, biosynthesis in the brain. This review summarizes the discovery of GnIH, and the contributions to GnIH research focused on its mode of action, regulation of biosynthesis, and how these findings advance our understanding of reproductive neuroendocrinology.