Defining Climate Compatible Development
Defining Climate Compatible Development
复制标题
定义气候兼容的发展
DOI：
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发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
S. Maxwell
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
T. Mitchell;S. Maxwell
气候变化给决策者提出了根本性问题（插文1）。例如，在受到水资源短缺、与天气有关的灾害和用于种植燃料作物的土地扩大的威胁时，低排放农业如何养活90亿人？如何在不增加排放的情况下减少13亿人的能源贫困？如何加强抵御一再发生的粮食、燃料和金融危机、日益增加的不确定性和日益严重的资源稀缺的能力？随着气候变化的影响越来越严重，未来变暖的情景变得更加严重，转型变革对所有国家来说都是不可避免的。在不同的组合中，各国将需要：●增加和减少贫困，同时减少排放或保持低排放量●设法适应气温和海平面上升以及更频繁的极端天气事件●适应不断变化的国际价格，例如运输成本上升造成的价格变化●抓住新市场开放带来的机遇，例如碳固存或新的可再生能源技术 * 随着新的气候协议的达成和新的资金交付机制的建立，参与国际机构。“气候兼容发展”是指最大限度地减少气候影响造成的危害，同时最大限度地增加低排放、更具弹性的未来所带来的许多人类发展机会的发展。气候变化及其应对措施正在以复杂的方式改变创新、贸易、生产、人口分布和风险的模式。这为政策制定者创造了新的发展格局，他们需要在面临多重威胁和不确定性的情况下促进和维持经济增长和社会发展，同时减少排放或保持低排放。
Climate change poses fundamental questions for policy makers (Box 1). How, for example, can low emissions agriculture feed 9 billion people when threatened by water scarcity, weatherrelated disasters and expansion of land used for growing crops for fuel? How can the energy poverty of 1.3 billion people be reduced without increasing emissions? How can resilience to repeated food, fuel and financial crises, growing uncertainty and increasing resource scarcity be strengthened? As the impacts of climate change bite and future warming scenarios become even more serious, transformational change is inescapable for all countries. In different combinations, countries will need to: ● grow and reduce poverty while simultaneously emitting less or keeping emissions low ● find ways to adapt to higher temperatures and sea levels and more frequent extreme weather events ● adapt to changing international prices, for example as a result of higher transport costs ● seize opportunities as new markets open, for example for carbon sequestration or for new renewable energy technologies ● engage in international institutions, as new climate deals are forged and new finance delivery mechanisms are established. ‘Climate compatible development’ is development that minimises the harm caused by climate impacts, while maximising the many human development opportunities presented by a low emissions, more resilient, future. Climate change and responses to it are changing patterns of innovation, trade, production, population distribution and risk in complex ways. This is creating a new development landscape for policy makers, who need to nurture and sustain economic growth and social development in the face of multiple threats and uncertainties while also cutting emissions or keeping them low.