Ecological limits and diversification rate: alternative paradigms to explain the variation in species richness among clades and regions
Ecological limits and diversification rate: alternative paradigms to explain the variation in species richness among clades and regions
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1461-0248.2009.01333.x
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发表时间：
2009-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
8.8
通讯作者：
Rabosky, Daniel L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Rabosky, Daniel L.
多元化程度是宏观生态和宏观进化研究中最重要的指标之一。在这里，我证明，当研究人员假设多样性随着时间的推移无限增加时，多样化分析可能是误导的，这在分子系统学研究中是典型的。如果分支多样性受到生态因素的调节，那么物种丰富度可能与分支年龄无关，因此可能无法推断多样性出现的速度。这对许多研究的解释产生了重大影响，这些研究对比了不同支系和地区的多样化速度。通常，可以估计一个分支经历的总多元化程度，但不能估计多元化比率本身。我的研究表明，高等类群多样性受到生态限制的证据是普遍存在的。最后，我探讨了生态极限对各种生态和进化问题的影响，这些问题涉及从系统发育数据中推断物种形成和灭绝率。
Diversification rate is one of the most important metrics in macroecological and macroevolutionary studies. Here I demonstrate that diversification analyses can be misleading when researchers assume that diversity increases unbounded through time, as is typical in molecular phylogenetic studies. If clade diversity is regulated by ecological factors, then species richness may be independent of clade age and it may not be possible to infer the rate at which diversity arose. This has substantial consequences for the interpretation of many studies that have contrasted rates of diversification among clades and regions. Often, it is possible to estimate the total diversification experienced by a clade but not diversification rate itself. I show that the evidence for ecological limits on diversity in higher taxa is widespread. Finally, I explore the implications of ecological limits for a variety of ecological and evolutionary questions that involve inferences about speciation and extinction rates from phylogenetic data.