Hemolymph sugar homeostasis and starvation-induced hyperactivity affected by genetic manipulations of the adipokinetic hormone-encoding gene in Drosophila melanogaster
Hemolymph sugar homeostasis and starvation-induced hyperactivity affected by genetic manipulations of the adipokinetic hormone-encoding gene in Drosophila melanogaster
复制标题
DOI：
10.1534/genetics.167.1.311
复制
发表时间：
2004-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Park, JH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lee, GH;Park, JH
脂肪代谢激素（Adipokinetic hormone，AKH）是一种代谢性神经肽，在许多昆虫体内参与脂肪体的能量代谢。在深入研究果蝇Akh（dAkh）基因的作用，其发育的表达模式进行了检查和AKH产生的神经元的生理功能进行了研究，使用动物缺乏AKH神经元和异位表达dAkh。dAkh基因仅在胚胎晚期至成体阶段的心体中表达。从AKH神经元发出的投射表明，AKH有多个靶组织，如下：在幼虫中的前胸腺和主动脉，以及在成体中的作物和脑。使用dAkh基因的转基因操作的研究表明，AKH诱导高海藻酸盐血症和血小板减少症。饥饿的野生型苍蝇在死亡前表现出长时间的多动;这种新的行为模式可能与饥饿时的食物搜索活动有关。相比之下，缺乏AKH神经元的果蝇不仅缺乏这种类型的过度活跃，而且对饥饿诱导的死亡表现出很强的抵抗力。根据这些发现，我们提出了AKH在调节饥饿诱导的觅食行为中的另一个作用。
Adipokinetic hormones (AKHs) are metabolic neuropeptides, mediating mobilization of energy substrates from the fat body in many insects. In delving into the roles of the Drosophila Akh (dAkh) gene, its developmental expression patterns were examined and the physiological functions of the AKH-producing neurons were investigated using animals devoid of AKH neurons and ones with ectopically expressing dAkh. The dAkh gene is expressed exclusively in the corpora cardiaca from late embryos to adult stages. Projections emanating from the AKH neurons indicated that AKH has multiple target tissues as follows: the prothoracic gland and aorta in the larva and the crop and brain in the adult. Studies using transgenic manipulations of the dAkh gene demonstrated that AKH induced both hypertrehalosemia and hyperlipemia. Starved wild-type flies displayed prolonged hyperactivity prior to death; this novel behavioral pattern could be associated with food-searching activities in response to starvation. In contrast, flies devoid of AKH neurons not only lacked this type of hyperactivity, but also displayed strong resistance to starvation-induced death. From these findings, we propose another role for AKH in the regulation of starvation-induced foraging behavior.