Cortical Activity during Perception of Musical Rhythm; Comparing Musicians and Non-musicians.
Cortical Activity during Perception of Musical Rhythm; Comparing Musicians and Non-musicians.
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这项研究调查了音乐训练对违反节律预期的大脑活动的影响。我们记录了音乐家和非音乐家对基于西方古典规则的不熟悉旋律之间的节奏差异的行为和事件相关脑电位(ERP)反应。第二个旋律中的节奏偏差包括延长一个音符，从而在随后的音符中造成延迟；因此，第二个音符的持续时间较短，因为抵消时间不变。另一方面，在第一个旋律中，两个音符的持续时间相同。音乐家比非音乐家能更好地识别节奏偏差。从音符本应在150-250毫秒的潜伏期观察到对省略刺激的负听觉皮层电位。音乐人与非音乐人的波幅或潜伏期无显著差异。与之相比，音乐人在遗漏后延迟音符的N100和P200的波幅显著高于非音乐人，尤其是在额叶和额叶中央区域。这些发现表明，长期的音乐训练增强了参与处理陌生旋律的时间不规则性的大脑皮层活动。
This study investigates the effects of musical training on brain activity to violations of rhythmic expectancies. We recorded behavioral and event-related brain potential (ERP) responses of musicians and non-musicians to discrepancies of rhythm between pairs of unfamiliar melodies based on Western classical rules. Rhythm deviations in the second melody involved prolongation of a note, thus creating a delay in the subsequent note; the duration of the second note was consequently shorter because the offset time was unchanged. In the first melody, on the other hand, the two notes were of equal duration. Musicians detected rhythm deviations significantly better than non-musicians. A negative auditory cortical potential in response to the omitted stimulus was observed at a latency of 150–250 ms from where the note should have been. There were no significant differences of amplitude or latency between musicians and non-musicians. In contrast, the N100 and P200 to the delayed note after the omission were significantly greater in amplitude in musicians compared to non-musicians especially in frontal and frontal-central areas. These findings indicate that long term musical training enhances brain cortical activities involved in processing temporal irregularities of unfamiliar melodies.