Techno-economic and greenhouse gas analyses of lignin valorization to eugenol and phenolic products in integrated ethanol biorefineries
Techno-economic and greenhouse gas analyses of lignin valorization to eugenol and phenolic products in integrated ethanol biorefineries
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DOI：
10.1002/bbb.1989
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发表时间：
2019-07-01
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Simmons, Blake A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Martinez-Hernandez, Elias;Cui, Xinguang;Simmons, Blake A.
这项工作提出了技术经济和温室气体（GHG）分析的乙醇生物炼制整合木质素转化为丁香酚和其他酚类化合物。异丙醇（IPA）辅助的催化氢解用于转化离子液体（IL）预处理、糖化和发酵后回收的木质素。将该过程与使用木质素产生能量的生物炼制进行比较，并在SuperPro Designer中进行模拟。进行空间分析，以确定生物精炼厂的位置和能力，在墨西哥国家与潜在的木质纤维素生物质，包括玉米秸秆，高粱残茬，和麻风树果壳。相对于基础情况，由于副产品的高市场价值，将50%的木质素转移到酚类物质显著降低了乙醇生产成本。这种情况下的最低乙醇销售价格（MESP）为2.02加仑（-1）美元。由此产生的生物乙醇从摇篮到大门的温室气体足迹为21克CO2当量MJ（-1），当系统扩展用于分配时，相对于汽油减少了78%。使用基于市场价值的分配导致82%的温室气体减排。情景分析表明，一个生物精炼厂每天处理3000吨生物质，并将80%的木质素转化为酚类物质，可能会产生低于1.5加仑的MESP。为了实现这一目标，研究的目标应该是将IL输入减少30%，IPA输入减少40%，同时采用更节能的分离工艺。IL和IPA的减少可以通过降低其负载率和增加再循环来实现。敏感性分析表明，生物质价格高于45吨（-1）美元，生物炼制能力必须超过5000吨d（-1）生物质投入。(c)2019年化学工业协会和John Wiley & Sons，Ltd
This work presents techno-economic and greenhouse gas (GHG) analyses of an ethanol biorefinery integrating lignin conversion into eugenol and other phenolics. Catalytic hydrogenolysis assisted by isopropanol (IPA) is used to convert the lignin recovered after ionic liquid (IL) pretreatment, saccharification, and fermentation. This process was compared to a biorefinery using lignin for energy generation and simulated in SuperPro Designer. Spatial analysis was performed to determine biorefinery locations and capacities in a Mexican state with potential for lignocellulosic biomass, including corn stover, sorghum stubble, and Jatropha fruit shells. Relative to the base case, diverting 50% of lignin to phenolics decreased the ethanol cost of production significantly due to the high market value of the co-products. The minimum ethanol selling price (MESP) for this case was $2.02 gal(-1). The resulting cradle-to-gate GHG footprint of bioethanol was 21 g CO2-eq MJ(-1), a 78% reduction with respect to gasoline when system expansion is used for allocation. Using market value-based allocation resulted in 82% GHG reduction. Analysis of scenarios showed that a biorefinery processing 3000 t day(-1) biomass and diverting 80% of lignin to phenolics can potentially yield an MESP lower than $1.5 gal(-1). To achieve this, research should target a reduction in IL input by 30% and IPA input by 40%, together with more energy-efficient separation processes. The reduction in IL and IPA can be achieved by decreasing their loading rates and increasing recycling. Sensitivity analysis showed that, for biomass prices higher than $45 t(-1), biorefinery capacities must exceed 5000 t d(-1) biomass input. (c) 2019 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd