Moral attitudes and willingness to enhance and repair cognition with brain stimulation.
Moral attitudes and willingness to enhance and repair cognition with brain stimulation.
复制标题
通过大脑刺激增强和修复认知的道德态度和意愿。
DOI：
10.1016/j.brs.2018.09.014
复制
发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
7.7
通讯作者：
Haslam,Madeline
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Medaglia,JohnD;Yaden,DavidBryce;Helion,Chelsea;Haslam,Madeline
增强和修复人类认知功能的技术手段的可用性引发了对其使用的感知道德的问题。然而，我们对公众对脑刺激使用的直观态度了解有限。让我们了解公众是否愿意支持对自己和他人进行特定脑刺激的研究，可以为理解神经调节的道德心理学指导直觉提供基础，并为公共教育和公共政策提供机会。假设：我们期望受试者不太愿意增强或修复被认为是“核心”到“真实”自我认同的认知功能，优先考虑自己的脑刺激用途，更愿意增强他人的“核心”功能。在特定的假设用法中，我们期望特定用法的道德可接受性与受试者支持它们的意愿有关。方法我们对公众进行了两项调查，在调查中，受试者被要求报告他们是否愿意使用一种名为“Ceremode”的假想脑刺激装置来增强或修复特定的认知能力。结果在894名被试中，我们发现被试更愿意使用技术来修复他人而不是自己。他们最倾向于修复他人的核心功能。受试者对特定用途的道德可接受性的评分与他们报告的使用脑刺激的意愿有关。结论道德可接受性与公众使用脑刺激的意愿有关。这些发现表明，公众支持一种慷慨的方法，即通过大脑刺激来提高他人的认知能力。此外，本研究为指导认知修正的道德心理学研究和指导对脑刺激的态度和使用的社会过程奠定了基础。
BackgroundThe availability of technological means to enhance and repair human cognitive function raises questions about the perceived morality of their use. However, we have limited knowledge about the public's intuitive attitudes toward uses of brain stimulation. Studies that enlighten us about the public's willingness to endorse specific uses of brain stimulation on themselves and others could provide a basis to understand the moral psychology guiding intuitions about neuromodulation and opportunities to inform public education and public policy.ObjectiveHypothesis: We expected that subjects would be less willing to enhance or repair cognitive functions perceived as more “core" to “authentic" self-identity, prioritize brain stimulation uses for themselves, and more willing to enhance “core" functions in others. Across specific hypothetical uses, we expected the moral acceptability of specific uses to be associated with subjects’ willingness to endorse them.MethodsWe administered two surveys to the public in which subjects were asked to report how willing they would be to enhance or repair specific cognitive abilities using a hypothetical brain stimulation device called “Ceremode".ResultsAmong 894 subjects, we found that subjects were more willing to use technologies to repair other people than themselves. They were most inclined to repair core functions in others. Subjects’ ratings of the moral acceptability of specific uses was related to their reported willingness to use brain stimulation.ConclusionMoral acceptability is related to the public's willingness to use brain stimulation. These findings suggest that the public endorses a generous approach to applying brain stimulation for cognitive gains in others. Further, this study establishes a basis to guide moral psychological studies of cognitive modification and social processes that guide attitudes toward and uses of brain stimulation.
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影响因子：
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作者：
Fitz, Nicholas S.;Nadler, Roland;Reiner, Peter B.
通讯作者：
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DOI：
10.1037/021342
发表时间：
1982
期刊：
Psyccritiques
影响因子：
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作者：
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DOI：
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发表时间：
2015-10
期刊：
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影响因子：
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DOI：
10.1179/175361408x372779
发表时间：
2008
期刊：
International Musculoskeletal Medicine
影响因子：
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作者：
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