4 CHANNELS MEDIATE THE MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF TOUCH
4 CHANNELS MEDIATE THE MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF TOUCH
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DOI：
10.1121/1.397184
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发表时间：
1988-11-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
CHECKOSKY, CM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
BOLANOWSKI, SJ;GESCHEIDER, GA;CHECKOSKY, CM
虽然先前的生理和解剖学实验已经在人类躯体感觉外周的无毛(无毛)皮肤中发现了四种传入纤维类型(PC、RA、SA II和SA I)，但只有三种类型被证明参与了触觉(机械感受性)感觉。提出了四个通道(P、NP I、NP II和NP III)确实参与知觉过程的心理物理学证据。在一系列实验中，包括选择性掩蔽各种通道，修改皮肤表面温度，测试皮肤敏感度到极低的振动频率，第四心理物理通道(NP III)被定义为。根据这些实验和我们实验室以前的工作，我们得出结论，这四个通道在阈值下协同工作，创建了一个从至少0.4赫兹到大于500赫兹的振动感知工作范围。这四个通道中的每一个似乎都调节整个阈值频率特性的特定部分。从以前发表的生理数据中选择合适的神经反应标准，并将其频率特性与四个心理物理通道的相关性表明，每个通道都有自己的生理底物：P通道和PC纤维，NP I通道和RA纤维，NP II通道和SA II纤维，以及NP III通道和SA I纤维。这些通道的绝对灵敏度部分重叠，使得阈值以上刺激可能同时激活两个或更多通道。因此，触摸的感知质量可以由来自四个通道的组合输入来确定。
Although previous physiological and anatomical experiments have identified four afferent fiber types (PC, RA, SA II, and SA I) in glabrous (nonhairy) skin of the human somatosensory periphery, only three have been shown to mediate tactile (mechanoreceptive) sensation. Psychophysical evidence that four channels (P, NP I, NP II, and NP III) do, indeed, participate in the perceptual process is presented. In a series of experiments involving selective masking of the various channels, modification of the skin-surface temperature, and testing cutaneous sensitivity down to very low-vibratory frequencies, the fourth psychophysical channel (NP III) is defined. Based on these experiments and previous work from our laboratory, it is concluded that the four channels work in conjunction at threshold to create an operating range for the perception of vibration that extends from at least 0.4 to greater than 500 Hz. Each of the four channels appears to mediate specific portions of the overall threshold-frequency characteristic. Selection of appropriate neural-response criteria from previously published physiological data and correlation of their derived frequency characteristics with the four psychophysical channels indicates that each channel has its own physiological substrate: P channel and PC fibers, NP I channel and RA fibers, NP II channel and SA II fibers, and NP III channel and SA I fibers. These channels partially overlap in their absolute sensitivities, making it likely that suprathreshold stimuli may activate two or more of the channels at the same time. Thus the perceptual qualities of touch may be determined by the combined inputs from four channels.