Socioeconomic Factors and Obesity
Socioeconomic Factors and Obesity
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DOI：
10.3238/arztebl.2010.0517
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发表时间：
2010-07-30
影响因子：
7.7
通讯作者：
Lampert, Thomas
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kuntz, Benjamin;Lampert, Thomas
背景：多项研究表明肥胖呈社会经济梯度分布。在本研究中，我们试图确定三个不同状态指标的相对重要性：收入、教育和职业地位。 方法：数据取自 2003 年德国电话健康调查 (n = 8318)，该调查提供了德国 18 岁及以上常住人口的代表性信息。研究的社会经济变量包括等效家庭净收入、完成的普通教育的最高水平以及按照霍夫迈尔-兹洛特尼克量表衡量的职业活动的自主性。确定了特定年龄和性别的肥胖患病率，并通过二元 Logistic 回归计算了 95% 置信区间的比值比。 结果：2003 年，德国 18 岁及以上的男性和女性分别有 17% 和 20% 肥胖。对于男性来说，在对年龄和其他两个状态指标的影响进行统计控制后，发现完成的普通教育的最高水平和个人的职业地位对肥胖患病率有显着影响。在女性中，所有三个地位指标都发现了统计上显着的社会梯度。例如，最低收入群体中的女性患肥胖症的可能性是最高收入群体中女性的三倍。结论：抗击肥胖是卫生保健政策的主要目标，因为肥胖的患病率不断增加，并且导致许多继发性疾病。这里报告的结果表明社会经济因素发挥着重要作用。在设计针对目标群体的肥胖预防和治疗措施时应考虑这些因素。
Background: It is already known from multiple studies that obesity is distributed along a socioeconomic gradient. In the present study, we attempt to determine the relative importance of three different status indicators: income, education, and occupational position.Method: Data were drawn from the 2003 Telephone Health Survey in Germany (n = 8318), which yielded representative information on the resident population in Germany aged 18 and older. The socioeconomic variables studied were the net equivalent household income, the highest level of general education completed, and the autonomy of occupational activity as measured on the Hoffmeyer-Zlotnik scale. Age-and sex-specific prevalences of obesity were determined, and odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals were calculated by binary logistic regression.Results: In Germany in the year 2003, 17% of men and 20% of women aged 18 and older were obese. For men, both the highest level of general education completed and the individual's occupational position were found to have a significant effect on the prevalence of obesity, after statistical controls for the influence of age and the other two status indicators. In women, a statistically significant social gradient was found for all three status indicators. For example, women in the lowest income group were three times as likely to be obese as women in the highest income group.Conclusion: The fight against obesity is a main goal of health-care policy because of its increasing prevalence and its contribution to the causation of many secondary diseases. The results reported here demonstrate that socioeconomic factors play an important role. These factors should be taken into account in the design of target-group-specific measures for the prevention and treatment of obesity.