Autism spectrum disorders and childhood-onset schizophrenia: clinical and biological contributions to a relation revisited.
Autism spectrum disorders and childhood-onset schizophrenia: clinical and biological contributions to a relation revisited.
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DOI：
10.1097/chi.0b013e31818b1c63
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发表时间：
2009-01
影响因子：
13.3
通讯作者：
Gogtay N
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rapoport J;Chavez A;Greenstein D;Addington A;Gogtay N
强调自闭症/广泛性发育障碍（PDD）和精神分裂症之间临床和生物学联系的新证据，特别关注儿童期发作的精神分裂症（COS）。NIMH（和其他）COS研究的临床，人口统计学和大脑发育数据，以及自闭症，PDD和精神分裂症研究的选定家庭，成像和遗传数据进行了审查。在两项系统性研究中，30%-50%的病例中，COS发生在广泛性发育障碍之前，并与之共病。流行病学和家庭研究发现这些疾病之间存在关联。这两种疾病都有证据表明，在疾病发作的年龄附近，解剖大脑发育的轨迹加速。越来越多的风险基因和/或罕见的小染色体变异（微缺失或重复）是精神分裂症和自闭症所共有的。生物学风险并不密切遵循DSM表型，核心神经生物学过程可能在这两个异质性临床组的子集中很常见。需要对自闭症人群进行长期前瞻性随访，并在成年亲属中对精神分裂症谱系和自闭症谱系障碍进行更大的诊断区分。
To highlight emerging evidence for clinical and biological links between autism/Pervasive Developmental Disorder (PDD) and schizophrenia, with particular attention to childhood onset schizophrenia (COS). Clinical, demographic and brain developmental data from the NIMH (and other) COS studies, and selected family, imaging and genetic data from studies of autism, PDD and schizophrenia were reviewed. In the two large studies that have examined this systematically, COS is preceded by and comorbid with Pervasive Developmental Disorder in 30%-50% of cases. Epidemiologic and family studies find association between the disorders. Both disorders have evidence of accelerated trajectories of anatomic brain development at ages near disorder onset. A growing number of risk genes and/or rare small chromosomal variants (micro-deletions or duplications) are shared by schizophrenia and autism. Biological risk does not closely follow DSM phenotypes and core neurobiological processes are likely common for subsets of these two heterogeneous clinical groups. Long-term prospective follow up of autistic populations, and greater diagnostic distinction between schizophrenia spectrum and autism spectrum disorders in adult relatives are needed.