Miniature circulatory support power transformer.
Miniature circulatory support power transformer.
复制标题
微型循环支持电源变压器。
DOI：
10.1097/00002480-200007000-00025
复制
发表时间：
1999
期刊：
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
D. Glos
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D. Melvin;A. Helmicki;D. Glos
直接向脑内循环支持装置输送功率有感染风险。跨越外皮（皮肤或粘膜）的变压器长期以来一直是规避这种风险的有吸引力的手段。然而，所有现有的皮肤表面变压器泄漏大量的磁通量，具有电池耗尽通过任何附近导体的交叉耦合的固有风险，需要严格控制周围环境。在一系列的设计中，我们使用了一个小袋的壁，手术形成的回肠，而不是皮肤，作为屏障。之前，我们报道了一种具有完整磁路的环形设计，在2周的犬试验中具有零磁通泄漏和无与伦比的散热。这项工作分为三个部分：（1）将器械放置在8只犬体内9 - 12周，以记录现有设计的性能。(2)基于这些结果，该装置进一步小型化。迭代计算建模应用于材料选择和设计。同时，通过使用潜在设计的聚合物“模型”，在尸体上探索了手术构建微小可容纳回肠袋的实用技术。(3)通过在52 kg的活山羊中急性植入并通过电传递函数的体外测试来测试最终设计。体内试验：早期设计证明了97.2% AC/AC和84.2% DC/DC效率，连续组织升温为0.1° C。设计与性能：设计了一种具有方形坡莫合金环形磁芯（6cm 3，23克，两个线圈均为8匝）的Transformer，通过使用人体尸体试验来优化几何形状。输入输出电压为6V，输出功率为12 W，频率为9.2kHz，交-交转换效率为96%。手术置入试验：初级线圈容易地装配到一个孤立的、血管化的、但另外断开的“盲”回肠袋中，该回肠袋<2cm长，具有到微型造口的细长延伸部。通过次级匝，袋和Transformer可轻松装入腹壁。这个微小的系统似乎与近“微”功率输送兼容，允许循环支持依赖者前所未有的环境和活动自由。ASAIO Journal 2000; 46：495 - 499.目前用于循环支持设备的电力输送装置严重损害了生活质量。一般旨在取代这些手段的技术施加了几乎同样的限制。皮肤穿透线提供足够的功率，但有感染的风险。它们当然是安全使用的，最长的情况是3到4年。然而，安全要求对环境、活动和生命进行重大限制
Direct power delivery to intracorporeal circulatory support devices risks infection. Electrical transformers spanning the integument (skin or mucosa) have long been attractive means of circumventing this risk. Yet all existing skin surface transformers leak substantial magnetic flux, with an intrinsic risk of battery draining cross-coupling by any nearby conductor, requiring strict control of surroundings. In a progression of designs, we have used the walls of a small pouch, surgically formed from ileum, rather than skin, as a barrier. Previously, we reported a torroidal design with complete magnetic circuits, having zero flux leakage and unmatched heat dissipation in a 2 week canine trial. This work was in three parts: (1) Devices were placed in eight dogs for 9 ‐12 weeks to document performance of the existing design. (2) Based on these results, the device was further miniaturized. Iterative computational modeling was applied to material selection and design. Simultaneously, practical techniques for surgically constructing tiny accommodating ileal pouches were explored in cadavers, by using polymer “mock-ups” of potential designs. (3) The final design was tested by acute implantation in a live 52 kg goat and by in vitro testing of electrical transfer function. In vivo trials: The earlier design demonstrated 97.2% AC/AC and 84.2% DC/DC efficiency with contiguous tissue warming of 0.1° C. Design and performance: A transformer with a Square Permalloy torroidal core (6 cm 3 , 23 grams, both coils eight turns) was designed, by using human cadaver trials to optimize geometry. Input and output were 6 V, 12W at 9.2 kHz with AC-AC efficiency 96%. Operative placement trial: The primary coil easily fit into an isolated, vascularized, but otherwise disconnected “blind” ileal pouch < 2 cm long with a slender extension to a miniature stoma. With secondary turns, the pouch and transformer fit easily into the abdominal wall. This tiny system seems compatible with near “forgettable” power delivery allowing unprecedented freedom of environment and activity in circulatory support dependent people. ASAIO Journal 2000; 46:495‐ 499. Quality of life is severely compromised by the present means of electric power delivery for circulatory support devices. The technology generally intended to replace those means imposes restrictions almost as limiting. Skin penetrating wires provide sufficient power, but risk infection. They have certainly been safely used—in the longest instance between 3 and 4 years. However, safety has demanded major restriction of environment, activity, and life