Displacing Misinformation about Events: An Experimental Test of Causal Corrections
Displacing Misinformation about Events: An Experimental Test of Causal Corrections
复制标题
消除有关事件的错误信息：因果修正的实验测试
DOI：
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Jason Reifler
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
B. Nyhan;Jason Reifler
错误信息可能很难纠正，甚至在它被怀疑之后也可能产生持久的影响。这种持续性的一个原因是人们根据关于给定事件或结果的可用信息进行因果推理的方式。因此，即使在被揭穿之后，如果没有替代的因果解释，虚假信息也可能继续影响信念和态度。我们测试这一假设使用的实验范式改编自心理学文献上的持续影响效应，发现一个原因不明的事件的解释是显着更有效的比否认，即使否认是由异常强有力的证据支持。这一结果对于如何最有效地反击有关有争议的政治事件和结果的错误信息具有重要意义。
Abstract Misinformation can be very difficult to correct and may have lasting effects even after it is discredited. One reason for this persistence is the manner in which people make causal inferences based on available information about a given event or outcome. As a result, false information may continue to influence beliefs and attitudes even after being debunked if it is not replaced by an alternate causal explanation. We test this hypothesis using an experimental paradigm adapted from the psychology literature on the continued influence effect and find that a causal explanation for an unexplained event is significantly more effective than a denial even when the denial is backed by unusually strong evidence. This result has significant implications for how to most effectively counter misinformation about controversial political events and outcomes.