Gray whale products sold in commercial markets along the Pacific coast of Japan
Gray whale products sold in commercial markets along the Pacific coast of Japan
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1748-7692.2002.tb01036.x
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发表时间：
2002-01-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Funahashi, N
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Baker, CS;Dalebout, ML;Funahashi, N
1937年，根据多国协议，北太平洋灰鲸(Eschrichtias Robostas)首次受到商业狩猎的保护。然而，包括日本、中国和韩国(匿名1999a，2000a)在内的几个非签署国继续机会主义地捕杀灰鲸，直到这些国家加入了国际捕鲸委员会。最近一次报告的商业渔获量是1966年在韩国水域(匿名2000a)。虽然东太平洋(即美洲)种群已经从剥削中恢复过来，现在有超过22,000只个体(Hobbs等人在报道中)，但西太平洋(即亚洲或韩国)种群仍然是世界上最濒危的种群之一，一度被认为已经灭绝(Bowen 1974)。最近对鄂霍次克海的调查发现，残余种群估计有大约100个个体(Brownell等人)。1999年，Weller等人。西方灰鲸的主要迁徙走廊被认为是沿韩国海岸(Andrews 1914)。根据上个世纪早期的狩猎记录，日本沿日本海的海岸线被认为是第二次迁徙走廊(Brownell和Kasuya，1999年)。人们对日本太平洋沿岸作为移民走廊的历史和当代重要性知之甚少。太平洋沿岸罕见的记录促使Nishiwaki和Kasuya(1970)提出，1968年2月在日本本州太平洋海岸新谷附近被杀的一头幼年灰鲸可能偏离了东部种群。Brownell和Kasuya(1999)后来基于随后更少的迷路动物而对这种可能性进行了折扣，尽管自那时以来东部种群估计翻了一番。在过去十年(1991年至1999年)，日本水域的灰鲸记录包括1997年7月在高知县近岸水域(太平洋沿岸)发现的两头幼鲸(匿名1998a)，1995年在北海道太平洋沿岸发现的一头成年灰鲸，以及1996年5月在北海道日本海沿岸的苏津发现的一头成年灰鲸(匿名1993年、1994年、1995年、1996年、1997年、19986、19996、2000b、2000年~)。尽管
The North Pacific gray whale (Eschrichtias robustas) was first protected from commercial hunting by multinational agreement in 1937. However, opportunistic hunting of the gray whales continued by several non-signatory nations, including Japan, China, and Korea (Anonymous 1999a, 2000a), until these nations joined the International Whaling Commission (IWC). The last reported commercial catch was in Korean waters in 1966 (Anonymous 2000a). While the eastern Pacific (i, e., American) stock has recovered from exploitation and now numbers more than 22,000 individuals (Hobbs et al., in press), the western Pacific (ie, Asian or Korean) stock remains one of the most endangered in the world and was at one time thought to be extinct (Bowen 1974). Recent surveys of the Sea of Okhotsk have found a remnant population estimated to number about 100 individuals (Brownell et al. 1999, Weller et al. 1999), but sightings of gray whales along the southerly range of their migration are extremely rare.The primary migratory corridor of western gray whales is thought to be along the coast of Korea (Andrews 1914). Based on records of hunting earlier in the last century it is assumed the Japanese coastline along the Sea of Japan is a secondary migratory corridor (Brownell and Kasuya 1999). The historical and contemporary importance of the Pacific coast of Japan as a migratory corridor is poorly understood. The rarity of records from the Pacific coast prompted Nishiwaki and Kasuya (1970) to suggest that a young gray whale killed near Shingu, on the Pacific coast of Honshu, Japan, in February 1968, could have strayed from the eastern stock. Brownell and Kasuya (1999) later discounted this possibility based on the subsequent paucity of further strays, despite the estimated doubling of the eastern stock since that time. In the last decade (1991-1999), records of gray whales in Japanese waters include two juveniles observed live in the inshore waters (Pacific coast) of the Kochi prefecture in July 1997 (Anonymous 1998a), an adult found dead on the Pacific coast of Hokkaido in 1995, and an adult found dead in the town of Suttsu on the Sea of Japan coast of Hokkaido, in May 1996 (Anonymous 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 19986, 19996, 2000b, 2000~). Although the