Mapping human genetic ancestry
Mapping human genetic ancestry
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DOI：
10.1093/molbev/msm156
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发表时间：
2007-10-01
影响因子：
10.7
通讯作者：
von Haeseler, Arndt
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ebersberger, Ingo;Galgoczy, Petra;von Haeseler, Arndt
人类基因组就其进化史而言是一个马赛克。基于对人类、黑猩猩、大猩猩、猩猩和恒河猴23,210个DNA序列比对的系统发育分析，我们绘制了人类的遗传祖先图。我们的基因组中约有23%与我们现存的近亲--黑猩猩--没有直接的基因祖先。这包括与基因间隔区相同程度的基因和外显子。我们的结论是，在人类、黑猩猩和大猩猩的分化发生之前，我们大约三分之一的基因已经开始进化为人类特有的谱系。这解释了化石记录中反复发现的非常古老的人类特有的形态特征，这些特征早于最近出现的人类物种，大约5-6年。此外，在随后的物种形成事件中对这种祖先表型多态的分类提供了一个简明的解释，为什么进化派生的特征在彼此不是最近亲属的物种之间共享。
The human genome is a mosaic with respect to its evolutionary history. Based on a phylogenetic analysis of 23,2 10 DNA sequence alignments from human, chimpanzee, gorilla, orangutan, and rhesus, we present a map of human genetic ancestry. For about 23% of our genome, we share no immediate genetic ancestry with our closest living relative, the chimpanzee. This encompasses genes and exons to the same extent as intergenic regions. We conclude that about 1/3 of our genes started to evolve as human-specific lineages before the differentiation of human, chimps, and gorillas took place. This explains recurrent findings of very old human-specific morphological traits in the fossils record, which predate the recent emergence of the human species about 5-6 MYA. Furthermore, the sorting of such ancestral phenotypic polymorphisms in subsequent speciation events provides a parsimonious explanation why evolutionary derived characteristics are shared among species that are not each other's closest relatives.