Multi-Wavelength Photoplethysmography Enabling Continuous Blood Pressure Measurement With Compact Wearable Electronics
Multi-Wavelength Photoplethysmography Enabling Continuous Blood Pressure Measurement With Compact Wearable Electronics
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DOI：
10.1109/tbme.2018.2874957
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发表时间：
2019-06-01
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Zhao, Ni
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Liu, Jing;Yan, Bryan P.;Zhao, Ni
目的：为了对抗“沉默的杀手”高血压，连续血压（BP）监测一直是可穿戴电子产品中最期望的功能之一。然而，目前的BP测量原理和协议要么涉及带有袖带的血管闭塞过程，要么需要身体上的多个感测节点，这使得它们难以在具有长期可穿戴性的紧凑型可穿戴电子产品（如智能手表和腕带）中实现。研究方法：在这项工作中，我们提出了一个高度紧凑的多波长光电容积脉搏波描记（MWPPG）模块和深度分辨MWPPG方法连续监测血压和全身血管阻力（SVR）。通过将皮肤中的波长依赖性光穿透深度与皮肤血管相关联，我们的方法利用皮肤小动脉上的脉搏传导时间（PTT）来跟踪SVR（n = 20）。然后，我们开发了一种基于小动脉PTT的方法，用于逐搏BP测量。针对Finometer（n = 20）和动脉线（n = 4）验证了所提出的小动脉PTT方法的BP估计准确性。结果如下：本文从理论上推导了小动脉PTT和SVR之间的相关性，并在20名进行各种动作的受试者身上进行了实验验证。所提出的基于小动脉PTT的方法优于传统的基于动脉PTT的方法，具有更好的BP估计精度和更简单的测量设置，即，具有单个感测节点。结论：所提出的深度分辨MWPPG方法可以提供SVR和BP的精确测量，这在传统上难以以无创或连续的方式测量。重要性：这项MWPPG工作提供了紧凑尺寸的可穿戴医疗电子设备，具有低成本和基于生理学的解决方案，用于连续测量BP和SVR。
Objective: To fight the "silent killer" hypertension, continuous blood pressure (BP) monitoring has been one of the most desired functions in wearable electronics. However, current BP measuring principles and protocols either involve a vessel occlusion process with a cuff or require multiple sensing nodes on the body, which makes it difficult to implement them in compact wearable electronics like smartwatches and wristbands with long-term wearability. Methods: In this work, we proposed a highly compact multi-wavelength photoplethysmography (MWPPG) module and a depth-resolved MWPPG approach for continuous monitoring of BP and systemic vascular resistance (SVR). By associating the wavelength-dependent light penetration depth in the skin with skin vasculatures, our method exploited the pulse transit time (PTT) on skin arterioles for tracking SVR (n = 20). Then, we developed an arteriolar PTT-based method for beat-to-beat BP measurement. The BP estimation accuracy of the proposed arteriolar PTT method was validated against Finometer (n = 20) and the arterial line (n = 4). Results: The correlation between arteriolar PTT and SVR was theoretically deduced and experimentally validated on 20 human subjects performing various maneuvers. The proposed arteriolar PTT-based method outperformed the traditional arterial PTT-based method with better BP estimation accuracy and simpler measurement setup, i.e., with a single sensing node. Conclusion: The proposed depth-resolved MWPPG method can provide accurate measurements of SVR and BP, which are traditionally difficult to measure in a noninvasive or continuous fashion. Significance: This MWPPG work provides the wearable healthcare electronics of compact size with a low-cost and physiology-based solution for continuous measurement of BP and SVR.