The Role of Lactoferrin in Gastrointestinal and Immune Development and Function: A Preclinical Perspective
The Role of Lactoferrin in Gastrointestinal and Immune Development and Function: A Preclinical Perspective
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jpeds.2016.02.072
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发表时间：
2016-06-01
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Donovan, Sharon M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Donovan, Sharon M.
出生后早期是胃肠道（GI）和免疫发育的关键时期。母乳喂养的新生儿比喂养配方奶粉的婴儿有更快的GI和免疫发育。此外，临床和流行病学数据提供了强有力的证据，证明母乳喂养可降低传染病的发病率和/或严重程度。乳铁蛋白是一种77 kDa的铁结合糖蛋白，与牛乳和婴儿配方奶粉相比，人乳中的浓度较高。它是一种多功能蛋白质，介导许多生理过程，其中母乳喂养的婴儿比配方奶粉喂养的同龄人具有优势，包括促进GI和免疫发育，保护免受感染，以及改善认知发育。饲喂牛乳铁蛋白或重组人乳铁蛋白耐受性良好，刺激仔猪肠细胞增殖，增加绒毛长度和隐窝深度。乳铁蛋白还通过刺激平衡的T辅助细胞-1/T辅助细胞-2细胞因子免疫应答影响全身和GI免疫发育。此外，免疫细胞倾向于在未刺激状态下分泌更多的抗炎细胞因子，同时当在饲喂乳铁蛋白的仔猪中存在细菌触发物时，免疫细胞被激发强烈的促炎反应。这些发现支持了证明膳食乳铁蛋白在预防感染、迟发性脓毒症和坏死性小肠结肠炎中的益处的临床研究。
The early postnatal period is a critical time for gastrointestinal (GI) and immune development. Neonates fed mother's milk have more rapid GI and immune development than fed-formula infants. In addition, clinical and epidemiologic data provide strong evidence that breastfeeding reduces the incidence and/or severity of infectious diseases. Lactoferrin is a 77 kDa, iron-binding glycoprotein that is present at high concentration in human milk compared with bovine milk and infant formula. It is a multifunctional protein that mediates many of the physiological processes in which breastfed infants have advantages over their formula-fed peers, including promoting GI and immune development, protection from infections, and improved cognitive development. Feeding bovine lactoferrin or recombinant human lactoferrin was well tolerated and stimulated intestinal cell proliferation and increased villus length and crypt depth in piglets. Lactoferrin also influenced both systemic and GI immune development by stimulating a balanced T-helper-1/T-helper-2 cytokine immune response. Further, there was a tendency for immune cells to secrete more anti-inflammatory cytokines in an unstimulated state, while being primed for a robust pro-inflammatory response when presented with a bacterial trigger in piglets fed lactoferrin. These findings support clinical studies demonstrating benefits of dietary lactoferrin in the prevention of infections, late onset sepsis, and necrotizing enterocolitis.