THE FINE MORPHOLOGY OF THE OSPHRADIAL SENSE-ORGANS OF THE MOLLUSCA .3. PLACOPHORA AND BIVALVIA
THE FINE MORPHOLOGY OF THE OSPHRADIAL SENSE-ORGANS OF THE MOLLUSCA .3. PLACOPHORA AND BIVALVIA
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DOI：
10.1098/rstb.1987.0002
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发表时间：
1987-02-12
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
HASZPRUNAR, G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
HASZPRUNAR, G
描述了代表两个纲所有主要亚群的6个沙盘类和8个双壳类的磷板的精细形态。此外，还对鳞翅目(Placophora)的鳃和侧感觉器官进行了超微结构研究。而在双壳动物中，球状细微结构非常均匀，异壳藻和棘壳藻之间存在差异，支持这两个类群的分离。在地幔空腔条件方面的主要差异将新近发现的斑节亚目划分为鳞翅目和几丁目。详细讨论了磷软体动物在整个门中的同源性。结果表明，鹦鹉螺(头足目)的末梢感觉器(尾足目，Solenogastres)、肛门感觉器(Placophora-Chitonida)、鳃间乳突和肛后乳突，以及Lacaze(胃足目-腹足目)的器官与Spengel的器官(前鳃、后鳃、双瓣膜)同源，均称为球径向感觉器(或球径)。经过讨论，认为磷是化学感受器，而不是许多作者所说的机械感受器。迄今报道的生理证据表明了这一点，但主要是在软体动物的球状上皮细胞中存在桨状纤毛，这是软体动物化学感受器的典型特征。有人认为，磷主要用于性生物学(协调产卵、寻找配偶)，腹足纲内的这种作用发生了改变(寻找食物、渗透压感受器、pO2受体)。
The fine morphology of the osphradia of six placophorans and eight bivalves, representing all major subgroups of both classes, is described. In addition the branchial and lateral sense organs ofLepidopleurus cajetanus(Placophora) have been investigated ultrastrucurally. Whereas osphradial fine structure is very uniform within the Bivalvia there are differences between Ischnochitonina and Acanthochitonina, supporting the separation of both groups. Major differences in the conditions of the mantle cavity divide Recent Placophora into the orders Lepidopleurida and Chitonida. The homology of the molluscan osphradium throughout the phylum is discussed in detail. It is concluded that the terminal sense organ (Caudofoveata, Solenogastres), the adanal sensory stripes (Placophora—Chitonida), the interbranchial and post-anal papillae ofNautilus(Cephalopoda), and the organ of Lacaze (Gastropoda-Basommatophora) are homologous with the organs of Spengel (Prosobranchia, Opisthobranchia, Bivalvia), all to be called osphradial sense organs (or osphradia). After discussion it is concluded that the osphradium is a chemoreceptor and not a mechanoreceptor as suggested by many authors. This is shown by the physiological evidence so far reported but mainly by the existence of paddle cilia in the osphradial epithelia throughout the Mollusca, which are typical of molluscan chemoreceptors. It is suggested that the osphradium is primarily used in sexual biology (coordination of spawning, search for a mate), a role altered within the Gastropoda (search for food, osmoreceptor,pO2-receptor).