Characterization of the influenza A H5N1 viruses of the 2008-09 outbreaks in India reveals a third introduction and possible endemicity.
Characterization of the influenza A H5N1 viruses of the 2008-09 outbreaks in India reveals a third introduction and possible endemicity.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0007846
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发表时间：
2009-11-16
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Mishra AC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chakrabarti AK;Pawar SD;Cherian SS;Koratkar SS;Jadhav SM;Pal B;Raut S;Thite V;Kode SS;Keng SS;Payyapilly BJ;Mullick J;Mishra AC
2008年初，印度东部西孟加拉邦（WB）的后院和商业家禽报告了高致病性甲型H5N1禽流感的广泛感染。感染逐渐蔓延到东北部的特里普拉邦、阿萨姆邦和锡金邦，2008年1月至2009年5月期间报告了70起疫情。WB的3个分离株、特里普拉邦的1个分离株的全基因组序列分析以及血凝素分析本研究期间对其他 17 个分离株的 (HA) 和神经氨酸酶 (NA) 基因进行了检测。在HA基因系统发育树中，所有2008-09年印度分离株均属于进化枝2.2的EMA3亚系。研究发现，最接近的系统发育关系是 2007-09 年来自孟加拉国的分离株，而不是与较早的 2006 年和 2007 年印度分离株，这意味着第三次引入该国。 WB 的两个分离株的 HA1 受体结合口袋显示出 S221P 突变，这是预测与人类受体特异性相关的标记之一。在神经氨酸酶的活性位点观察到已知赋予对 NA 抑制剂抗性的两个取代 E119A（WB 的 2 个分离株）和 N294S（WB 的另外 2 个分离株）。在 2008-09 年印度分离株中观察到了几个额外的突变，表明基因多样化。总体而言，该研究表明该国东部和东北部地区可能存在流行病，因此需要积极监测，特别是鉴于在甲型 H5N1 流感病毒中观察到的关键突变。
Widespread infection of highly pathogenic avian influenza A H5N1 was reported from backyard and commercial poultry in West Bengal (WB), an eastern state of India in early 2008. Infection gradually spread to Tripura, Assam and Sikkim, the northeastern states, with 70 outbreaks reported between January 2008 and May 2009. Whole genome sequence analysis of three isolates from WB, one isolate from Tripura along with the analysis of hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) genes of 17 other isolates was performed during this study. In the HA gene phylogenetic tree, all the 2008-09 Indian isolates belonged to EMA3 sublineage of clade 2.2. The closest phylogenetic relationship was found to be with the 2007-09 isolates from Bangladesh and not with the earlier 2006 and 2007 Indian isolates implying a third introduction into the country. The receptor-binding pocket of HA1 of two isolates from WB showed S221P mutation, one of the markers predicted to be associated with human receptor specificity. Two substitutions E119A (2 isolates of WB) and N294S (2 other isolates of WB) known to confer resistance to NA inhibitors were observed in the active site of neuraminidase. Several additional mutations were observed within the 2008-09 Indian isolates indicating genetic diversification. Overall, the study is indicative of a possible endemicity in the eastern and northeastern parts of the country, demanding active surveillance specifically in view of the critical mutations that have been observed in the influenza A H5N1 viruses.
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影响因子：
4.9
作者：
Deyde, Varough M.;Tung Nguyen;Gubareva, Larisa V.
通讯作者：
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作者：
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0507415102
发表时间：
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作者：
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作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
Mishra AC;Cherian SS;Chakrabarti AK;Pawar SD;Jadhav SM;Pal B;Raut S;Koratkar S;Kode SS
通讯作者：
Kode SS