Molecular epidemiology identifies only a single rabies virus variant circulating in complex carnivore communities of the Serengeti
Molecular epidemiology identifies only a single rabies virus variant circulating in complex carnivore communities of the Serengeti
复制标题
DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2007.0664
复制
发表时间：
2007-09-07
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Cleaveland, S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lembo, T.;Haydon, D. T.;Cleaveland, S.
了解感染多个宿主物种的通用病原体的传播动力学对于其有效控制至关重要。只有确定那些对病原体永久维持至关重要的宿主人群，而不是那些暴发是“溢出”感染结果的人群，才能适当指导控制措施。狂犬病病毒能够感染广泛的宿主物种，但在许多生态系统中，特定的变种仅在有限的潜在宿主群体中传播。塞伦盖蒂生态系统（位于坦桑尼亚西北部）支持一个复杂的野生食肉动物群落，这些食肉动物受到通用病原体的威胁，这些病原体也在公园边界周围的家犬种群中传播。虽然宿主物种的组合似乎能够在生态系统中永久维持狂犬病，但对这些宿主种群内部和之间的循环模式知之甚少。在这里，我们使用分子遗传学来测试是否不同的病毒宿主协会发生在这个物种丰富的食肉动物社区。我们的分析确定了一个属于南部非洲犬科动物相关病毒（非洲1b）组的单一主要变体在该生态系统中传播，没有证据表明存在物种特异性分组。核蛋白和糖蛋白基因序列数据的统计简约性分析是一致的内和种间传播事件。虽然宿主种属之间可能存在差异性采样工作，但排除了明确的推断，但结果与构成狂犬病宿主的犬最为一致，并强调了在犬种群中应用控制措施的重要性。
Understanding the transmission dynamics of generalist pathogens that infect multiple host species is essential for their effective control. Only by identifying those host populations that are critical to the permanent maintenance of the pathogen, as opposed to populations in which outbreaks are the result of 'spillover' infections, can control measures be appropriately directed. Rabies virus is capable of infecting a wide range of host species, but in many ecosystems, particular variants circulate among only a limited range of potential host populations. The Serengeti ecosystem (in northwestern Tanzania) supports a complex community of wild carnivores that are threatened by generalist pathogens that also circulate in domestic dog populations surrounding the park boundaries. While the combined assemblage of host species appears capable of permanently maintaining rabies in the ecosystem, little is known about the patterns of circulation within and between these host populations. Here we use molecular phylogenetics to test whether distinct virus-host associations occur in this species-rich carnivore community. Our analysis identifies a single major variant belonging to the group of southern Africa canid-associated viruses (Africa 1b) to be circulating within this ecosystem, and no evidence for species-specific grouping. A statistical parsimony analysis of nucleoprotein and glycoprotein gene sequence data is consistent with both within- and between-species transmission events. While likely differential sampling effort between host species precludes a definitive inference, the results are most consistent with dogs comprising the reservoir of rabies and emphasize the importance of applying control efforts in dog populations.