Wild Mice As Bountiful Resources of Novel Genetic Variants for Quantitative Traits
Wild Mice As Bountiful Resources of Novel Genetic Variants for Quantitative Traits
复制标题
DOI：
10.2174/1389202911314040001
复制
发表时间：
2013-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Ishikawa, Akira
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ishikawa, Akira
大多数具有重要生物学意义的性状，包括人类复杂疾病的性状（如肥胖和糖尿病），都是连续分布的。这些复杂或数量性状是由称为qtl（数量性状位点）的多个遗传位点、环境及其相互作用控制的。长期以来，实验室小鼠一直被用作了解数量性状遗传结构的先导动物模型。小鼠基因组的新一代测序和全基因组SNP（单核苷酸多态性）分析表明，世界上常用的经典近交系来源于自然界中存在的具有有限和非随机分布的遗传多样性的几种花式小鼠，并且表明它们的基因组主要来源于家鼠。迄今为止，从一个非常有限的经典近交系的基因库中发现了许多用于各种性状的qtl。然而，由5个亚种组成的野生肌肉支原体小鼠广泛栖息在世界各地，因此在野生小鼠的基因库中可能仍有许多新的qtl未被发现。其中一些qtl有望提高我们对人类复杂疾病的理解。本文以亚洲野生肌肉鼠亚种为例，说明野生小鼠是尚未开发的有价值的QTL发现的自然资源。
Most traits of biological importance, including traits for human complex diseases (e. g., obesity and diabetes), are continuously distributed. These complex or quantitative traits are controlled by multiple genetic loci called QTLs (quantitative trait loci), environments and their interactions. The laboratory mouse has long been used as a pilot animal model for understanding the genetic architecture of quantitative traits. Next-generation sequencing analyses and genomewide SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) analyses of mouse genomes have revealed that classical inbred strains commonly used throughout the world are derived from a few fancy mice with limited and non-randomly distributed genetic diversity that occurs in nature and also indicated that their genomes are predominantly Mus musculus domesticus in origin. Many QTLs for a huge variety of traits have so far been discovered from a very limited gene pool of classical inbred strains. However, wild M. musculus mice consisting of five subspecies widely inhabit areas all over the world, and hence a number of novel QTLs may still lie undiscovered in gene pools of the wild mice. Some of the QTLs are expected to improve our understanding of human complex diseases. Using wild M. musculus subspecies in Asia as examples, this review illustrates that wild mice are untapped natural resources for valuable QTL discovery.