Deconstructing spatial working memory and attention deficits in multiple sclerosis.
Deconstructing spatial working memory and attention deficits in multiple sclerosis.
复制标题
解构多发性硬化症的空间工作记忆和注意力缺陷。
DOI：
10.1037/a0026213
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Courtney,SusanM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gmeindl,Leon;Courtney,SusanM
目的：探讨多发性硬化症（MS）患者的空间工作记忆（WM）功能是否受损，如果存在，则定位于特定的认知子过程。方法：在实验1中，MS和control组分别执行计算机化的记忆广度和视觉运动任务。WM子过程通过操纵(1)记忆序列顺序的要求，(2)延迟持续时间，以及(3)目标呈现期间不相关刺激的存在来进行。在实验2中，回忆和识别测试改变了WM检索的难度。在实验3中，一个注意力提示任务测试了自愿和快速重新定向注意力的能力。结果：MS组在两个空间回忆方面的表现都比对照组差(Exp. 1 span: 95% CI MS=[5.11, 5.57], 95% CI control =[5.58, 6.03], p=。003年,1-tailed;Exp. 2 span: 95% CI MS=[4.44, 5.54], 95% CI control =[5.47, 6.57], p=。(正确率：95% CI MS=[0.71, 0.81], 95% CI control =[0.79, 0.88], p=。单尾检验。然而，没有证据表明在时空结合、维持、检索、干扰物抑制或视觉运动处理方面存在缺陷。相比之下，MS参与者的注意力重新定向异常缓慢(线索效应（MS）： 95% CI MS:[90,169]， 95% CI对照：[29,107],p=。015年,1-tailed)。结论：研究结果表明，虽然MS患者的空间WM功能受损，但一旦空间信息被充分编码到WM中，MS患者平均能够保持和检索这些信息。然而，空间信息编码的贫乏可能是由于注意力的自愿定向效率低下。
Objective: To investigate whether spatial working memory (WM) is impaired in multiple sclerosis (MS), and, if it is, to localize impairment to specific cognitive subprocess (es). Method: In Experiment 1, MS and control participants performed computerized memory-span and visuomotor tasks. WM subprocesses were taxed by manipulating (1) the requirement to remember serial order,(2) delay duration, and (3) the presence of irrelevant stimuli during target presentation. In Experiment 2, recall and recognition tests varied the difficulty of WM retrieval. In Experiment 3, an attention-cueing task tested the ability to voluntarily and rapidly reorient attention. Results: Performance was worse for MS than for control participants in both spatial recall (Exp. 1 span: 95% CI MS=[5.11, 5.57], 95% CI Controls=[5.58, 6.03], p=. 003, 1-tailed; Exp. 2 span: 95% CI MS=[4.44, 5.54], 95% CI Controls=[5.47, 6.57], p=. 006, 1-tailed) and recognition (accuracy: 95% CI MS=[0.71, 0.81], 95% CI Controls=[0.79, 0.88], p=. 01, 1-tailed) tests. However, there was no evidence for deficits in spatiotemporal binding, maintenance, retrieval, distractor suppression, or visuomotor processing. In contrast, MS participants were abnormally slow to reorient attention (cueing effect (ms): 95% CI MS:[90, 169], 95% CI Controls:[29, 107], p=. 015, 1-tailed). Conclusions: Results suggest that, whereas spatial WM is impaired in MS, once spatial information has been adequately encoded into WM, individuals with MS are, on average, able to maintain and retrieve this information. Impoverished encoding of spatial information, however, may be due to inefficient voluntary orienting of attention.