Invader-resident relatedness and soil management history shape patterns of invasion of compost microbial populations into agricultural soils
Invader-resident relatedness and soil management history shape patterns of invasion of compost microbial populations into agricultural soils
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DOI：
10.1016/j.apsoil.2020.103795
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发表时间：
2021-02-01
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Scow, Kate M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gravuer, Kelly;Scow, Kate M.
堆肥应用于土壤可以带来许多农业效益，但我们对改良后堆肥微生物在土壤中的持久性和作用的了解有限。微生物入侵生态学的研究可以提高这种认识，但迄今为止大多数研究都集中在恒定环境中的单一入侵者。相比之下，许多现实世界的微生物入侵——例如堆肥微生物入侵农业土壤——是“聚结事件”，涉及整个群落及其环境介质的混合。在微观实验中，我们将活的堆肥家禽粪便混合到来自三种长期农业管理系统的中耕作物土壤中：无投入小麦/休耕、传统玉米/番茄和有机玉米/番茄。我们在混合前以及混合后 4 天和 32 天通过 16S rRNA 测序来追踪细菌和古细菌群落。我们研究了入侵者（堆肥微生物）与居民（土壤）群落的系统发育相关性是否可以预测入侵者的成功，以及管理系统在入侵性方面是否存在差异。在这两个时间点，入侵者的持续存在都与与居民社区成员更密切的系统发育关系相关，平均而言，与居民社区成员关系最密切的 OTU 持续存在的可能性是与居民社区成员关系最远的 OTU 的 1.65 倍。相反，获得较高相对丰度的入侵者与居民社区的相关性较低，与整个居民社区关系最密切的 OTU 平均相对丰度比与整个居民社区关系最远的 OTU 低 1.96 倍。混合后，居民和入侵者中相同细菌群（例如放线菌、γ变形菌、α变形菌）的相对丰度增加表明，居民和入侵者对混合后环境的相似反应可能驱动了相对丰度相关性结果。堆肥中更丰富的入侵者在混合后也有更高的持久性概率和更大的相对丰度，平均而言，堆肥中最丰富的 OTU 持续存在的可能性是堆肥中最丰富的 OTU 的 16.2 倍，混合后群落中的相对丰度是堆肥中最丰富的 OTU 的 4.4 倍。有机管理系统（有添加堆肥的历史）比其他两个管理系统更不易受到入侵，OTU 在有机系统中持续存在的可能性平均比其他两个系统低 1.39 倍。我们的结果表明，在预测微生物聚结事件的结果时，应考虑环境过滤以及居民和入侵者在新型混合环境中的潜在成功。农业土壤管理历史也可能调节入侵结果。
Compost application to soil can have numerous agricultural benefits, but our understanding of the persistence and roles of compost microbes in soil following amendment is limited. Studies of microbial invasion ecology could improve this understanding, yet most studies to date have focused on single invaders in constant environments. In contrast, many real-world microbial invasions - such compost microbes invading agricultural soils - are "coalescence events" involving the mixing of entire communities as well as their environmental media. In a microcosm experiment, we mixed live composted poultry manure into row crop soils from three long-term agricultural management systems: no input wheat/fallow, conventional maize/tomato, and organic maize/tomato. We tracked bacterial and archaeal communities by 16S rRNA sequencing prior to mixing and then at 4 days and 32 days post-mixing. We investigated whether phylogenetic relatedness of the invaders (compost microbes) to the resident (soil) community predicted invader success, as well as whether the management systems differed in their invasibility. At both time points, invader persistence was associated with a closer phylogenetic relationship to a member of the resident community, with OTUs most closely related to a member of the resident community 1.65 times more likely to persist than OTUs most distantly related to a member of the resident community on average. Conversely, invaders that achieved greater relative abundances were less related to the resident community, with OTUs most closely related to the resident community as a whole achieving 1.96 times lower relative abundance than OTUs most distantly related to the resident community as a whole on average. Increases in relative abundance of the same bacterial groups (e.g., Actinobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, Alphaproteobacteria) among residents and invaders post-mixing suggest that similar resident and invader responses to the post-mixing environment may have driven the relative abundance relatedness result. Invaders that were more abundant in the compost also had higher probability of persistence and greater relative abundance post-mixing, with OTUs most abundant in the compost being 16.2 times more likely to persist and having 4.4 times greater relative abundance in the post-mixing community than OTUs least abundant in the compost on average. The organic management system - which had a history of compost addition - was less susceptible to invasion than the other two management systems, with OTUs 1.39 times less likely to persist in the organic system than in the other two systems on average. Our results suggest that both environmental filtering and the potential success of residents and invaders in the novel mixed environment should be considered when predicting outcomes of microbial coalescence events. Agricultural soil management history may also mediate invasion outcomes.